¿Cuáles son las causas de muerte por COVID-19?

(What causes death from covid-19?)


Primeras 5 respuestas:

  1. COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2.

  2. people who did not die of COVID-19 but merely died with COVID-19.

  3. To identify confirmed COVID-19-associated deaths, defined as those occurring in persons with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection,

  4. poor air quality increases the lethality of COVID-19.

  5. Excess deaths due to pneumonia and influenza and deaths due to COVID-19,



COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2.

... COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Many countries around the world implemented their own policies and restrictions designed to limit the spread of Covid-19 in recent months. Businesses and schools transitioned into working and learning remotely. ...

Ref: Predictive Modeling on the Number of Covid-19 Death Toll in the United States Considering the Effects of Coronavirus-Related Changes and Covid-19 Recovered Cases [Indian J Orthop, 2020-06-17]


people who did not die of COVID-19 but merely died with COVID-19.

... Official counts of COVID-19 deaths have been criticized for potentially including people who did not die of COVID-19 but merely died with COVID-19. I address that critique by fitting a generalized additive model to weekly counts of all deaths registered in England ...

Ref: Excess registered deaths in England and Wales during the COVID-19 pandemic, March 2020 to May 2020 [Indian J Orthop, 2020-04-23]


To identify confirmed COVID-19-associated deaths, defined as those occurring in persons with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection,

... (1). That same day, the first confirmed COVID-19-associated fatality occurred in New York City (NYC). To identify confirmed COVID-19-associated deaths, defined as those occurring in persons with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, on March 13, 2020, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) ...

Ref: Preliminary Estimate of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Outbreak - New York City, March 11-May 2, 2020. [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-05-15]


poor air quality increases the lethality of COVID-19.

... Our results, combined with the recent report from Northern Italy 9 ,suggest that poor air quality increases the lethality of COVID-19. Future and more detailed studies may further elucidate these observations by addressing potential confounders, including socioeconomic status, ...

Ref: Links between air pollution and COVID-19 in England [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-04-17]


Excess deaths due to pneumonia and influenza and deaths due to COVID-19,

... copyright holder for this preprint this version posted April 29, 2020. . Table 1 . Excess deaths due to pneumonia and influenza and deaths due to COVID-19, as reported by the COVID Tracking Project from February 9, 2020 through Mar 28, 2020. ...

Ref: Estimating the early death toll of COVID-19 in the United States [bioRxiv, 2020-04-18]


The pandemic is the cause of significant mortality

... The spread of pandemic COVID-19 has created unprecedented need for information. The pandemic is the cause of significant mortality and with this the need for rapidly disseminated information for palliative care professionals regarding the prevalence of symptoms, their ...

Ref: Symptom burden and clinical profile of COVID-19 deaths: a rapid systematic review and evidence summary [BMJ support. palliat. care (Online), 2020]


It is possible that some people are dying from Covid-19 without being diagnosed,

... deaths that officially did not involve Covid-19, compared to what would have otherwise been expected. It is possible that some people are dying from Covid-19 without being diagnosed, and/or that there are excess deaths due to other causes as a result of the ...

Ref: Excess mortality during the Covid-19 pandemic: Early evidence from England and Wales [Soc Sci Med, 2020]


it remains unclear who died from SARS-CoV-2 infection and who died with the infection.

... and COVID-19 deaths may either be under or overreported. In the case of COVID-19 deaths, it remains unclear who died from SARS-CoV-2 infection and who died with the infection. However, the same forces can be applied to influenza counted deaths. Second, while far lower ...

Ref: Relative disease burdens of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in New York City, February 1 - April 18, 2020. [Soc Sci Med, 2020-04-27]


diminished routine diagnosis and treatment of other conditions.

... such, or that there is an increase in deaths from non-Covid-19 causes, potentially resulting from diminished routine diagnosis and treatment of other conditions. We believe that both are likely. In many reports of mortality attributed to Covid-19, the ...

Ref: Deaths from Covid-19: Who are the forgotten victims? [Soc Sci Med, 2020-04-24]


Mortality from Covid-19 is monitored in detail both within as well as between countries with different strategies against the virus.

... Objectives: Mortality from Covid-19 is monitored in detail both within as well as between countries with different strategies against the virus. However, death counts and relative risks based on crude numbers can be misleading. Instead, age specific death rates should be used for comparability. Given the difficulty of ascertainment of ...

Ref: EXCESS MORTALITY FROM COVID-19. WEEKLY EXCESS DEATH RATES BY AGE AND SEX FOR SWEDEN. [Soc Sci Med, 2020-05-15]


On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic (1).

... (COVID-19), was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic (1). That same day, the first confirmed COVID-19-associated fatality occurred in New York City (NYC). To ...

Ref: Preliminary Estimate of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Outbreak - New York City, March 11-May 2, 2020. [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-05-15]


most of the COVID-19 infected persons have experienced mild to moderate respiratory unwellness and cured without requiring special treatment.

... WHO, 2020, the rate of COVID-19 deaths depends on the immunity of a person, as most of the COVID-19 infected persons have experienced mild to moderate respiratory unwellness and cured without requiring special treatment. As of May 02, 2020, 3 272 202 cases and 230 104 deaths of COVID-19 ...

Ref: The overall mortality caused by COVID-19 in the European region is highly associated with demographic composition: A spatial regression-based approach [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-05-07]


In the case of COVID-19 deaths, it remains unclear who died from SARS-CoV-2 infection and who died with the infection.

... accurate than estimated deaths, both influenza and COVID-19 deaths may either be under or overreported. In the case of COVID-19 deaths, it remains unclear who died from SARS-CoV-2 infection and who died with the infection. However, the same forces can be applied to influenza counted deaths. Second, while far lower ...

Ref: Relative disease burdens of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in New York City, February 1 - April 18, 2020. [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-04-27]


all cause mortality in Nembro, an Italian city severely affected by the covid-19 pandemic.

... OBJECTIVE: To quantify the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) on all cause mortality in Nembro, an Italian city severely affected by the covid-19 pandemic. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: Nembro, in the Bergamo province of Lombardy, northern Italy. POPULATION: Residents of Nembro. MAIN OUTCOME ...

Ref: Use of all cause mortality to quantify the consequences of covid-19 in Nembro, Lombardy: descriptive study [BMJ, 2020-05-14]


Maternal deaths due to COVID-19 have been reported in the United States.

... The maternal mortality review committee process remains critical during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Maternal deaths due to COVID-19 have been reported in the United States. Some state maternal mortality review committees may choose to expedite review of these deaths in ...

Ref: Maternal Mortality From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States. [Obstetrics and gynecology, 2020-06-16]


any patient who is positive for SARS-CoV-2 will be coded as a Covid-19 death.

... certificates. 19 Specifically, in the United Kingdom Covid-19 is a notifiable disease. As a result, any patient who is positive for SARS-CoV-2 will be coded as a Covid-19 death. Conversely, influenza is not a notifiable disease and a person dying with influenza would not ...

Ref: COVID-19 excess deaths in the United States during April 2020 [Obstetrics and gynecology, 2020-04-06]


During the current COVID-19 outbreak, approximately 40,000 Americans have died and thousands more are expected to die in the coming months.

... During the current COVID-19 outbreak, approximately 40,000 Americans have died and thousands more are expected to die in the coming months. Meanwhile, the CDC states that this year, between 24,000 and 62,000 Americans have died of influenza [7] . Placed side-by-side, the absurdity of these numbers is self-evident; conditions on the ...

Ref: Relative disease burdens of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in New York City, February 1 - April 18, 2020. [Obstetrics and gynecology, 2020-04-27]


All-causes mortality in Portugal increased during March and April 2020 compared to previous years,

... INTRODUCTION Portugal is experiencing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic since March 2020. All-causes mortality in Portugal increased during March and April 2020 compared to previous years, but this increase is not explained by COVID-19 reported deaths. The aim of this study was to ...

Ref: Excess Mortality Estimation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Data from Portugal. [Acta medica portuguesa, 2020-04-27]


79% of patients who died from COVID-19 had severe cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, neoplasms, renal diseases, respiratory disorders and obesity.

... old and older patients (38%). 85% of all deaths were over 50 years of age. 79% of patients who died from COVID-19 had severe cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, neoplasms, renal diseases, respiratory disorders and obesity. In total, co-morbidities (one or several) have been cardiovascular diseases (74%), diabetes mellitus (22%), lungs ...

Ref: COVID-19 IN DIABETES PATIENTS IN UKRAINE: LESSONS FOR DOCTORS AND PATIENTS. [Georgian medical news, 2020-04-01]


COVID-19 deaths were defined in Italy as those occurring in patients who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 via rRT-PCR,

... region were obtained from the Civil Protection Department, as elaborated by the Padua University data warehouse [6] . COVID-19 deaths were defined in Italy as those occurring in patients who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 via rRT-PCR, independently from preexisting diseases that may have caused the death [5] . ...

Ref: How Large Was the Mortality Increase Directly and Indirectly Caused by the COVID-19 Epidemic? An Analysis on All-Causes Mortality Data in Italy [Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020-05-15]


A significant number of elderly patients require hospitalization and develop serious and sometimes life-threatening complications.

... INTRODUCTION CoVID-19 (Coronavirus disease) is a worldwide infection which is causing millions of deaths. A significant number of elderly patients require hospitalization and develop serious and sometimes life-threatening complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the preliminary impact (8 weeks) of CoVID-19, focusing ...

Ref: Proximal femur fractures in COVID-19 emergency: the experience of two Orthopedics and Traumatology Departments in the first eight weeks of the Italian epidemic. [Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2020-05-11]


We are in the initial phase of the pandemic and the number of physician fatalities will increase.

... almost all medical specialities have succumbed to COVID-19, and all require taskappropriate personal protective PPE. We are in the initial phase of the pandemic and the number of physician fatalities will increase. Doctors who were 59 years of age or older accounted for three-quarters of COVID-19-related deaths. ...

Ref: Physician deaths from corona virus (COVID-19) disease [Occup Med (Lond), 2020-05-15]


The disease causes respiratory illness (such as the flu) with other symptoms such as a cough, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty breathing.

... caused by a new virus called COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV that first identified in Wuhan, China. The disease causes respiratory illness (such as the flu) with other symptoms such as a cough, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty breathing. This new Coronavirus seems to be very infectious and has spread quickly and globally. In ...

Ref: Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Strike on Arab Countries and Territories: A Situation Report I [Occup Med (Lond), 2020-03-20]


The first occurred deaths were majorly elderly people who might have faster disease progression.

... of infected patients nationwide. The future development of the disease is not clear but the public should be cautious in dealing with the virus since it may be very contagious. The first occurred deaths were majorly elderly people who might have faster disease progression. ...

Ref: cord_uid xuiswu2l Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 ... xuiswu2l Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 ... Name: title, dtype: object [Occup Med (Lond), cord_uid xuiswu2l 2020 xuiswu2l 2020-02-12 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]


ischemic heart diseases in years of life lost.

... not only the number one cause of death, but it was number two only to ischemic heart diseases in years of life lost. If there is a significant second COVID-19 wave in the fall, 2020 will be the ...

Ref: COVID-19: Dying is Bad--Losing Life is Worse [Occup Med (Lond), 2020-06-12]


SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),

... SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic (1). That same day, ...

Ref: Preliminary Estimate of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Outbreak - New York City, March 11-May 2, 2020. [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-05-15]


COVID-19 killed more than 100,000 people in the US in less than 90 days.

... for this preprint this version posted June 12, 2020. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.08.20050559 doi: medRxiv preprint Discussion COVID-19 killed more than 100,000 people in the US in less than 90 days. Although we do not know the extent to which COVID-19 is displacing other deaths, we ...

Ref: COVID-19: Dying is Bad--Losing Life is Worse [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-06-12]


Patients with underlying conditions such as cancer are at substantial risk of acquiring and dying from this novel coronavirus.

... COVID-19) has caused unprecedented strain on the global healthcare system, causing thousands of deaths worldwide. Patients with underlying conditions such as cancer are at substantial risk of acquiring and dying from this novel coronavirus. Numerous reports have shown that infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes depletion of B- and T-lymphocytes, including ...

Ref: Routine antiemetic prophylaxis with dexamethasone during COVID-19: Should oncologists reconsider? [Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners, 2020-06-06]


Excess deaths due to pneumonia and influenza

... copyright holder for this preprint this version posted April 29, 2020. . Table 1 . Excess deaths due to pneumonia and influenza and deaths due to COVID-19, as reported by the COVID Tracking Project from February 9, ...

Ref: Estimating the early death toll of COVID-19 in the United States [bioRxiv, 2020-04-18]


Thromboembolism is highly suspected as a leading cause of death in these patients through vascular inflammation caused by SARS COV2.

... COVID-19 pandemic is an emergent cardiovascular risk factor and a major cause of mortality worldwide. Thromboembolism is highly suspected as a leading cause of death in these patients through vascular inflammation caused by SARS COV2. Until now there is no real treatment of COVID-19 and many proposed drugs are under ...

Ref: COVID-19 pandemic: do we need systematic screening of patients with cardiovascular risk factors in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) for preventing death? [Pan Afr Med J, 2020-04-29]


There were excess deaths due to cancer, circulatory disease, dementia, and other causes but not respiratory diseases.

... pandemic, which was more pronounced in England and Scotland than in Wales and Northern Ireland. There were excess deaths due to cancer, circulatory disease, dementia, and other causes but not respiratory diseases. Non-COVID deaths have now returned to the expected levels. Overall mortality was lower than expected ...

Ref: TRACKing Excess Deaths (TRACKED): an interactive online tool to monitor excess deaths associated with COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom [Pan Afr Med J, 2020-06-07]


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.

... INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to present an epidemiological analysis of the first two months (March and April 2020) of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This analysis ...

Ref: Dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak in Poland: an epidemiological analysis of the first two months of the epidemic [Pol. Arch. Med. Wew. (Online), 2020]


The COVID-19 disease caused a high number of deaths worldwide, including the death of 68 health professionals.

... many nurses are set as suspicious cases by the lack of the disease 67 diagnosis. The COVID-19 disease caused a high number of deaths worldwide, including the death of 68 health professionals. The loss of these professionals can cause more deaths by the difficult to treat all ...

Ref: COVID-19 – four million cases worldwide and the importance of multidisciplinary health care team during the pandemic [J Emerg Nurs, 2020-06-10]


That same day, the first confirmed COVID-19-associated fatality occurred in New York City (NYC).

... spread worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic (1). That same day, the first confirmed COVID-19-associated fatality occurred in New York City (NYC). To identify confirmed COVID-19-associated deaths, defined as those occurring in persons with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, ...

Ref: Preliminary Estimate of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Outbreak - New York City, March 11-May 2, 2020. [MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-05-15]


a total of 3,024,059 clinical cases have been reported, including 208,112 deaths.

... along with 866 associated deaths. COVID-19 occurred in December 2019, as of 30 April 2020, a total of 3,024,059 clinical cases have been reported, including 208,112 deaths. Healthcare workers (HCWs) need to be in close contact with these virus-infected patients and their ...

Ref: SARS, MERS and COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A narrative review [J Infect Public Health, 2020]


COVID-19 was not only the number one cause of death, but it was number two only to ischemic heart diseases in years of life lost.

... For at least three months, March through May 2020, COVID-19 was not only the number one cause of death, but it was number two only to ischemic heart diseases in years of life lost. If there is a significant second COVID-19 wave in the fall, 2020 will be the year ischemic heart diseases are dethroned ...

Ref: COVID-19: Dying is Bad--Losing Life is Worse [J Infect Public Health, 2020-06-12]


some people are dying from Covid-19 without being diagnosed,

... not involve Covid-19, compared to what would have otherwise been expected. It is possible that some people are dying from Covid-19 without being diagnosed, and/or that there are excess deaths due to other causes as a result of the ...

Ref: Excess mortality during the Covid-19 pandemic: Early evidence from England and Wales [Soc Sci Med, 2020]


In patients requiring mechanical ventilation for Covid-19 induced respiratory failure

... then it may be difficult to accurately determine whether Covid-19 caused or contributed to death. In patients requiring mechanical ventilation for Covid-19 induced respiratory failure it may be appropriate to attribute cause of death to Covid-19 but other patients may ...

Ref: Deaths from Covid-19: Who are the forgotten victims? [Soc Sci Med, 2020-04-24]


With the continuing increase in mortality from the corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19), mortality analysis could be valuable in addressing the current pandemic.

... Reliable measurement of cause-specific mortality, analyses of morbid conditions and assessment of available health resources and services are among the first principles of epidemiology and evidence-based population health policy. With the continuing increase in mortality from the corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19), mortality analysis could be valuable in addressing the current pandemic. ...

Ref: Medical certification of cause of death for COVID-19 [Bull World Health Organ, 2020-05-01]


COVID‐19 is caused by the previously unknown coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2.

... an infectious disease that since its outbreak in December 2019 has become a global pandemic. COVID‐19 is caused by the previously unknown coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2. The elderly are the most vulnerable to COVID‐19, and have the highest mortality of the ...

Ref: The challenges of the COVID‐19 pandemic: Approaches for the elderly and those with Alzheimer's disease [MedComm, 2020-05-15]


potentially resulting from diminished routine diagnosis and treatment of other conditions.

... not recognised as such, or that there is an increase in deaths from non-Covid-19 causes, potentially resulting from diminished routine diagnosis and treatment of other conditions. We believe that both are likely. In many reports of mortality attributed to Covid-19, the ...

Ref: Deaths from Covid-19: Who are the forgotten victims? [MedComm, 2020-04-24]


a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness,

... definition of COVIDrelated deaths. The WHO recommends classifying a death due to COVID-19 as " a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness, in a probable or confirmed COVID-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of ...

Ref: TRACKing Excess Deaths (TRACKED): an interactive online tool to monitor excess deaths associated with COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom [MedComm, 2020-06-07]


COVID-19 is caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),

... COVID-19 is caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel and highly contagious coronavirus strain that mostly spreads through respiratory droplets and that has first been identified in Wuhan, China 2 . ...

Ref: Causes of Death and Comorbidities in Patients with COVID-19 [MedComm, 2020-06-17]


The pandemic is the cause of significant mortality and with this the need for rapidly disseminated information for palliative care professionals

... The spread of pandemic COVID-19 has created unprecedented need for information. The pandemic is the cause of significant mortality and with this the need for rapidly disseminated information for palliative care professionals regarding the prevalence of symptoms, their intensity, their resistance or susceptibility to symptom control and the mode of death ...

Ref: Symptom burden and clinical profile of COVID-19 deaths: a rapid systematic review and evidence summary. [BMJ supportive & palliative care, 2020-05-28]


Italy is particularly affected by SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.

... Italy is particularly affected by SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Recently, Colombo and Impicciatore compared the deaths in 1084 selected municipalities between 21 February 2020 and 21 March 2020 with deaths in the same time period in 2015 to 2019. ...

Ref: Todesfälle in neun Regionen Italiens im Februar/März 2020: "Mortalitäts-Exzess-Lupe" für SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-Epidemiologie in Deutschland./ [Deaths in nine regions of Italy in February/March 2020: "Mortality Excess Loupe" for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-Epidemiology in Germany] [Gesundheitswesen, 2020]


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection,

... Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is related in the most recent pandemic situation, significantly affecting health and economic systems. In this study we assessed the death rate associated to COVID-19 in Brazil and the ...

Ref: BRAZIL IS PROJECTED TO BE THE NEXT GLOBAL COVID-19 PANDEMIC EPICENTER [Gesundheitswesen, 2020-05-05]


The mortality data can be used as an alternative source to monitor the status of Covid-19.

... The mortality data can be used as an alternative source to monitor the status of Covid-19. We have studied a dataset including deaths up to the fourth week of April. There is a large excess, more pronounced at the beginning of the pandemic, showing a difference ...

Ref: Monitoring the Covid-19 epidemics in Italy from mortality data [Gesundheitswesen, 2020-05-11]


Autopsies of deceased with a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection

... Autopsies of deceased with a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can provide important insights into the novel disease and its course. Furthermore, autopsies are essential for the correct statistical recording of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths. In the northern ...

Ref: Dying with SARS-CoV-2 infection-an autopsy study of the first consecutive 80 cases in Hamburg, Germany [Int. j. legal med, 2020]


As of 22 March, 2020, South Korea reported 8897 confirmed cases of and 104 deaths from COVID-19.

... the first countries to report a case of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outside of China. As of 22 March, 2020, South Korea reported 8897 confirmed cases of and 104 deaths from COVID-19. Methods: We collected the number of laboratory-confirmed cases and deaths in South Korea from the ...

Ref: Population-Level Mortality Rates from Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in South Korea [medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-03-27]


It informs on both undiagnosed cases and on the effects of health system disruption.

... Objective: Overall mortality is a relevant indicator of the population burden during an epidemic. It informs on both undiagnosed cases and on the effects of health system disruption. Methods: We aimed at evaluating the extent of the total death excess during the COVID-19 epidemic ...

Ref: How Large Was the Mortality Increase Directly and Indirectly Caused by the COVID-19 Epidemic? An Analysis on All-Causes Mortality Data in Italy [Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online), 2020]


One month after the first COVID-19 infection was recorded, Portugal counted 18 051 cases and 599 deaths from COVID-19.

... Background: One month after the first COVID-19 infection was recorded, Portugal counted 18 051 cases and 599 deaths from COVID-19. To understand the overall impact on mortality of the pandemic of COVID-19, we estimated the excess mortality registered in Portugal during the first month of the epidemic, from March ...

Ref: Rapid estimation of excess mortality in times of COVID-19 in Portugal - Beyond reported deaths [Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online), 2020-05-19]


Meteorological parameters are the important factors influencing the infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and influenza.

... Meteorological parameters are the important factors influencing the infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and influenza. This study aims to explore the association between Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths and weather parameters. In this study, we collected the daily death numbers of COVID-19, meteorological parameters ...

Ref: Effects of temperature variation and humidity on the death of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China [Sci Total Environ, 2020-07-01]


COVID-19 is sometimes complicated by shock and multiple organ failure, 4,5 but the real course of the disease is not yet well described.

... situation deteriorates, use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) systems can control gas exchange for weeks. COVID-19 is sometimes complicated by shock and multiple organ failure, 4,5 but the real course of the disease is not yet well described. Knowing that nonsurvivors are more likely to have low lymphocyte counts or high C-reactive protein ...

Ref: Understanding pathways to death in patients with COVID-19 [Lancet Respir Med, 2020-04-06]


Generally, COVID-19 patients exhibit common symptoms, including sore throat, cough, high fever, myalgia, and fatigue .

... COVID-19, the WHO officially declared an emergency on March 11, 2020 (World Health Organization 2020b). Generally, COVID-19 patients exhibit common symptoms, including sore throat, cough, high fever, myalgia, and fatigue . The transmission and spread of COVID-19 may be affected by numerous factors, including medical care ...

Ref: Co-variance nexus between COVID-19 mortality, humidity, and air quality index in Wuhan, China: New insights from partial and multiple wavelet coherence [Air Qual Atmos Health, 2020-06-08]


COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).

... disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread over 200 countries worldwide, affecting >2 million people and >120,000 deaths. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The most common symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, and fever. However, gastrointestinal manifestations of ...

Ref: COVID-19 presenting as acute pancreatitis [Pancreatology, 2020-05-08]


Severe COVID-19 is affecting distinctively older people with chronic diseases.

... almost three times more deaths than all the other causes combined during the whole month. Severe COVID-19 is affecting distinctively older people with chronic diseases. We found that CI is one of the most common comorbidities in confirmed COVID-19 (30% ...

Ref: Cognitive impairment is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 deceased patients. A hospital-based retrospective cohort study. [Pancreatology, 2020-06-09]


COVID-19 is a clinical entity caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2.

... COVID-19 is a clinical entity caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Its epidemiology is still uncertain. Person-to-person spread of SARS-CoV-2 is thought to occur mainly via respiratory droplets [2] . Mean incubation pe-ity. Some countries only test patients in need of ...

Ref: Excess mortality during COVID-19 in five European countries and a critique of mortality analysis data [Pancreatology, 2020-05-02]


Background Deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic result directly from infection and exacerbation of other diseases and indirectly from deferment of care for other conditions,

... Background Deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic result directly from infection and exacerbation of other diseases and indirectly from deferment of care for other conditions, and are socially and geographically patterned. We quantified excess mortality in regions of England and Wales during the pandemic, for all causes and for non-COVID-19 associated deaths. Methods Weekly mortality ...

Ref: Excess mortality in England and Wales during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic [Pancreatology, 2020-05-26]


Previous modelling has shown that around 69-82% of the baseline group are likely to have palliative care needs.

... paper is COVID-19, it should be noted that baseline deaths outnumber COVID-19 and additional deaths. Previous modelling has shown that around 69-82% of the baseline group are likely to have palliative care needs. 24 COVID-19 will impact on this group for example through fewer face to face contacts, ...

Ref: Changing patterns of mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: population-based modelling to understand palliative care implications [Pancreatology, 2020-06-09]


the age standard was based on the 2016 population in South Korea.

... (i.e., 366 days/63 days). Sixth, we calculated the age-standardized death rates (ASDR) for COVID-19, where the age standard was based on the 2016 population in South Korea. We selected 2016 as the year of standardization because this is the most recent year ...

Ref: Population-Level Mortality Rates from Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in South Korea [medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-03-27]


Cancer patients presenting with COVID-19 have a high risk of death.

... BACKGROUND: Cancer patients presenting with COVID-19 have a high risk of death. In this work, predictive factors for survival in cancer patients with suspected SARS-COV-2 infection were investigated. METHODS: PRE-COVID-19 is a retrospective study of all 302 cancer patients presenting to ...

Ref: High mortality rate in cancer patients with symptoms of COVID-19 with or without detectable SARS-COV-2 on RT-PCR [Eur J Cancer, 2020-06-07]


An estimated third of hospital deaths in Norway arise from iatrogenic causes [10] .

... Norway, as elsewhere, elective or non-essential use of hospital services fell during the COVID-19 epidemic [9] . An estimated third of hospital deaths in Norway arise from iatrogenic causes [10] . Such deaths likely decreased in the month following the imposition of social distancing. ...

Ref: Non-COVID-19 Deaths After Social Distancing in Norway [Eur J Cancer, 2020-06-07]


Around 1 out of every 6 people who gets COVID-19 becomes seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing [6] .

... Some patients may have aches and pains, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat or diarrhea. Around 1 out of every 6 people who gets COVID-19 becomes seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing [6] . People can be infected of COVID-19 disease from others who have the virus. The disease ...

Ref: Study of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on COVID-19 Spread [Eur J Cancer, 2020-05-18]


Myocarditis and myocardial injury were suspected and may even be considered as one of the leading causes for death of COVID-19 patients.

... and become a major public health issue in China and great concern from international community. Myocarditis and myocardial injury were suspected and may even be considered as one of the leading causes for death of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we focused on the condition of the heart, and sought to provide firsthand evidence ...

Ref: Suspected myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19: Evidence from front-line clinical observation in Wuhan, China [Int J Cardiol, 2020]


people dying from COVID-19 usually do so after being admitted to ICU and remaining isolated from their loved ones until the end.

... several features with natural disasters that have been previously investigated with regard to CG. Moreover, people dying from COVID-19 usually do so after being admitted to ICU and remaining isolated from their loved ones until the end. This obviously poses an even heavier burden on the loss, but also makes it useful ...

Ref: Complicated Grief: What to Expect After the Coronavirus Pandemic [Front Psychiatry, 2020-05-26]


The Covid-19 pandemic affects mortality directly through infection as well as through changes in the social, environmental and healthcare determinants of health.

... Background: The Covid-19 pandemic affects mortality directly through infection as well as through changes in the social, environmental and healthcare determinants of health. The impacts on mortality are likely to vary, in both magnitude and timing, by age and sex. Our aim was to estimate the total mortality impacts of the pandemic, ...

Ref: Age- and sex-specific total mortality impacts of the early weeks of the Covid-19 pandemic in England and Wales: Application of a Bayesian model ensemble to mortality statistics [Front Psychiatry, 2020-05-25]


As of 29 February 2020 there were 79,394 confirmed cases and 2,838 deaths from COVID-19 in mainland China.

... As of 29 February 2020 there were 79,394 confirmed cases and 2,838 deaths from COVID-19 in mainland China. Of these, 48,557 cases and 2,169 deaths occurred in the epicenter, Wuhan. A key public health priority during the emergence of a novel pathogen is estimating clinical severity, which requires ...

Ref: Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China [Nat Med, 2020]


older age, obesity and more advanced illness are factors associated to an increased risk of death among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

... 1.37-4.87) upon admission. Case-fatality rate of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the early days of the Italian epidemic was about 20 %. Our study adds evidence to the notion that older age, obesity and more advanced illness are factors associated to an increased risk of death among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. ...

Ref: 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first wave of the Italian epidemic: A prospective cohort study [Pharmacol Res, 2020]


some patients may have died with COVID-19 died at home, or at long-term care institution,

... to other natural causes, not classified as COVID-19 (EMnC). This may be explained by: a) some patients may have died with COVID-19 died at home, or at long-term care institution, without having had a COVID-19 test; other patients, with serious conditions, may not have sought ...

Ref: Rapid estimation of excess mortality in times of COVID-19 in Portugal - Beyond reported deaths [Pharmacol Res, 2020-05-19]


it was number two only to ischemic heart diseases in years of life lost.

... March through May 2020, COVID-19 was not only the number one cause of death, but it was number two only to ischemic heart diseases in years of life lost. If there is a significant second COVID-19 wave in the fall, 2020 will be the ...

Ref: COVID-19: Dying is Bad--Losing Life is Worse [Pharmacol Res, 2020-06-12]


CoViD-19 deaths to population size ratios fail to account for well-documented age and sex differences in CoViD-19 mortality.

... CoViD-19 deaths to population size ratios fail to account for well-documented age and sex differences in CoViD-19 mortality. To assess trends across populations for which CoViD-19 deaths might not be available by age and sex, an indirect age-and-sex adjustment can still be performed. The corresponding Comparative CoViD-19 Mortality ...

Ref: Beyond Deaths per Capita: Three CoViD-19 Mortality Indicators for Temporal and International Comparisons [medRxiv, 2020-05-30]


The data of COVID-19 disease in China and then in South Korea were collected daily from several different official websites.

... The data of COVID-19 disease in China and then in South Korea were collected daily from several different official websites. The collected data included 33 death cases in Wuhan city of Hubei province during early outbreak as well as confirmed cases and death toll in some specific regions, which were ...

Ref: The Data set for Patient Information Based Algorithm to Predict Mortality Cause by COVID-19 [Data Brief, 2020]


it may cause cardiovascular complications such as thromboembolism.

... Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that primarily affects the respiratory system, but it may cause cardiovascular complications such as thromboembolism. Rarely, pulmonary embolism may be encountered in patients with severe COVID-19 infection, especially in intensive ...

Ref: Sudden death due to acute pulmonary embolism in a young woman with COVID-19 [J. thromb. thrombolysis, 2020]


based on underlying conditions at different ages.

... policy makers a simple model to estimate the excess mortality over 1 year from COVID-19, based on underlying conditions at different ages. If the relative mortality impact of COVID-19 were to be about 20% (similar magnitude as ...

Ref: Estimating excess 1- year mortality from COVID-19 according to underlying conditions and age in England: a rapid analysis using NHS health records in 3.8 million adults [J. thromb. thrombolysis, 2020-03-24]


The comparison of recent cumulative and predicted cases was done for the top 15 countries with confirmed cases, deaths, and recoveries from COVID-19.

... was used for predicting the COVID-19 disease spread trajectories for the next 2 months. METHODS: The comparison of recent cumulative and predicted cases was done for the top 15 countries with confirmed cases, deaths, and recoveries from COVID-19. The spatial map is useful to identify the intensity of COVID-19 infections in the top ...

Ref: Prediction of the COVID-19 Pandemic for the Top 15 Affected Countries: Advanced Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model [JMIR Public Health Surveill, 2020-05-13]


the patient was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

... between populations, and a death will only be reported as a COVID-19 related death if the patient was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. With our methods, we accounted for all these factors and established an unbiased direct comparison ...

Ref: COVID-19: how to make between-country comparisons [Int J Infect Dis, 2020-05-26]


The pandemic is the cause of significant mortality and with this the need for rapidly disseminated information for palliative care professionals regarding the prevalence of symptoms,

... The spread of pandemic COVID-19 has created unprecedented need for information. The pandemic is the cause of significant mortality and with this the need for rapidly disseminated information for palliative care professionals regarding the prevalence of symptoms, their intensity, their resistance or susceptibility to symptom control and the mode of death for patients. METHODS We undertook ...

Ref: Symptom burden and clinical profile of COVID-19 deaths: a rapid systematic review and evidence summary. [BMJ supportive & palliative care, 2020-05-28]


Of the total number of patients, 9625 recovered and 2077 died (6) .

... until March 26, 2020, the total number of cases in the country reached 27 017. Of the total number of patients, 9625 recovered and 2077 died (6) . According to global statistics, to date, Iran has reported the most positive cases of coronavirus ...

Ref: Can judgments according to case fatality rate be correct all the time during epidemics? Estimated cases based on CFR in different scenarios and some lessons from early case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 in Iran [Med J Islam Repub Iran, 2020-03-29]


a newly emerging virus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19.

... Abstract Background. Today humanity is facing another infectious threat: a newly emerging virus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. It was already described that COVID-19 mortality among elderly people and people with such underlying conditions as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, ...

Ref: COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Chronic Inflammation a Major Cause of Death? [Med J Islam Repub Iran, 2020-05-19]


patients dying with a polymerase chain reaction-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.

... a single academic medical center, as mandated by the German federal state of Hamburg for patients dying with a polymerase chain reaction-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. PATIENTS: The first 12 consecutive COVID-19-positive deaths. MEASUREMENTS: Complete autopsy, including postmortem computed tomography and ...

Ref: Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19 [Ann. intern. med, 2020]


associated with high morbidity and potentially fatality can intensify the perception of personal danger.

... BACKGROUND: The fact that COVID-19 is transmissible from human to human and associated with high morbidity and potentially fatality can intensify the perception of personal danger. In addition, the foreseeable shortage of supplies and an increasing flow of suspected and real cases of COVID-19 ...

Ref: When health professionals look death in the eye: the mental health of professionals who deal daily with the 2019 coronavirus outbreak [Psychiatry Res, 2020]


Autopsies of deceased with a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

... Autopsies of deceased with a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can provide important insights into the novel disease and its course. Furthermore, autopsies are essential for the correct statistical recording of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths. In ...

Ref: Dying with SARS-CoV-2 infection-an autopsy study of the first consecutive 80 cases in Hamburg, Germany [Int. j. legal med, 2020]


the 2002 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic that caused 800 deaths out of about 8 000 cases,

... The world has experienced several epidemics posing serious threat to global public health, including the 2002 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic that caused 800 deaths out of about 8 000 cases, the 2009 H1N1 pandemic with 18 500 deaths, the 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) epidemic ...

Ref: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: A review and an update on cases in Africa [Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2020]


severe disease onset might result in death due to proceeded lung injury with massive alveolar damage and progressive respiratory failure.

... the World Health Organization (WHO). Patients with COVID-19 mainly have a mild disease course, but severe disease onset might result in death due to proceeded lung injury with massive alveolar damage and progressive respiratory failure. However, the detailed mechanisms that cause organ injury still remain unclear. We investigated the morphological ...

Ref: Gross and histopathological pulmonary findings in a COVID-19 associated death during self-isolation [Int. j. legal med, 2020]


COVID-19, the disease caused by this highly contagious virus, can have serious health consequences,

... coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019, leading within a few months to a global pandemic. COVID-19, the disease caused by this highly contagious virus, can have serious health consequences, though risks of complications are highly age-dependent. Rates of hospitalization and death are less than ...

Ref: A geroscience perspective on COVID-19 mortality [J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2020-04-17]


excess deaths beyond what is normally expected.

... for different diseases during the current COVID-19 pandemic is important to determine whether there are excess deaths beyond what is normally expected. Using the most recent report from National Records Scotland (NRS) on 29 April 2020, we ...

Ref: Trends in excess cancer and cardiovascular deaths in Scotland during the COVID-19 pandemic 30 December 2019 to 20 April 2020 [J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2020-05-06]


Typically, a large proportion of deaths caused by infectious diseases are not attributed to a specific pathogen.

... estimating the number of severe infections and deaths caused by COVID-19 will be a challenge. Typically, a large proportion of deaths caused by infectious diseases are not attributed to a specific pathogen. With the limited availability of testing for the novel coronavirus and imperfect sensitivity of the ...

Ref: Estimating the early death toll of COVID-19 in the United States [bioRxiv, 2020-04-18]


Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the most common first symptoms among those who died.

... 4 females. The median age of the people who died was 75 (range 48-89) years. Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the most common first symptoms among those who died. The median number of days from the occurence of the first symptom to death was ...

Ref: Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China [J Med Virol, 2020]


the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused 82 623 confirmed cases and 2858 deaths globally,

... By 27 February 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused 82 623 confirmed cases and 2858 deaths globally, more than severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (8273 cases, 775 deaths) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) (1139 cases, 431 deaths) caused in 2003 and 2013, ...

Ref: Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures [J. med. virol, 2020]


Background Deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic result directly from infection and exacerbation of other diseases

... Background Deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic result directly from infection and exacerbation of other diseases and indirectly from deferment of care for other conditions, and are socially and geographically patterned. We quantified excess mortality in regions of England and Wales during the pandemic, for all ...

Ref: Excess mortality in England and Wales during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic [J. med. virol, 2020-05-26]


The COVID-19 virus has infected millions of people and resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide.

... The COVID-19 virus has infected millions of people and resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. By using the logistic regression model, we identified novel critical factors associated with COVID19 cases, death, and case fatality rates in 154 countries and in the 50 U.S. states. Among ...

Ref: Identifying novel factors associated with COVID-19 transmission and fatality using the machine learning approach [J. med. virol, 2020-06-12]


polymerase chain reaction-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.

... center, as mandated by the German federal state of Hamburg for patients dying with a polymerase chain reaction-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. PATIENTS: The first 12 consecutive COVID-19-positive deaths. MEASUREMENTS: Complete autopsy, including postmortem computed tomography and ...

Ref: Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19 [Ann. intern. med, 2020]


Today humanity is facing another infectious threat: a newly emerging virus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19.

... Abstract Background. Today humanity is facing another infectious threat: a newly emerging virus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. It was already described that COVID-19 mortality among elderly people and people with such underlying conditions as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes s increased. ...

Ref: COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Chronic Inflammation a Major Cause of Death? [Ann. intern. med, 2020-05-19]


For this outbreak, the unreported cases and the disease transmission rate are not identified.

... /10. /2020 An epidemic outbreak of a new human coronavirus COVID-19 will occur in Tunisia. For this outbreak, the unreported cases and the disease transmission rate are not identified. In order to recover these values from reported medical data, this simple mathematical model for ...

Ref: Estimation of Tunisia COVID-19 infected cases based on mortality rate [Ann. intern. med, 2020-04-17]


She had a sudden cardiac arrest within the 4 h of the thrombolytic therapy.

... not detected in the bilateral lower extremity venous Doppler examination. She was promptly treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (100 mg/2 h) and subcutaneous enoxaparin (1 mg/kg twice a day). She had a sudden cardiac arrest within the 4 h of the thrombolytic therapy. ...

Ref: Sudden death due to acute pulmonary embolism in a young woman with COVID-19 [J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2020-05-11]


INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.

... INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to present an epidemiological analysis of the first two months (March and April 2020) of the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland. PATIENTS AND METHODS This analysis was ...

Ref: Dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak in Poland: an epidemiological analysis of the first two months of the epidemic. [Polish archives of internal medicine, 2020-06-10]


When a patient dies, it is important that nurses understand their role in the verification of death.

... When a patient dies, it is important that nurses understand their role in the verification of death. This article explains the steps required to verify the death of an adult patient. Verification of death is not a mechanistic task, but one that requires sensitivity and compassion. It ...

Ref: How to verify the death of a patient. [Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987), 2020-05-26]


thus indicating an escalating situation and capturing any spillover effects of the virus.

... in week 10, as that is the week when the first covid-19 death was reported, thus indicating an escalating situation and capturing any spillover effects of the virus. One might argue that the treatment period should start later, when the number of deaths ...

Ref: Has mortality due to other causes increased during the Covid-19 pandemic? Early evidence from England and Wales [Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987), 2020-04-18]


In December 2019, suddenly 54 cases of viral pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China, caused by some unknown microorganism.

... In December 2019, suddenly 54 cases of viral pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China, caused by some unknown microorganism. The virus responsible for these pneumonia infections was identified as novel coronavirus of the family Coronaviridae. The novel coronavirus was renamed as COVID-19 by WHO. Infection from the virus has ...

Ref: Global Trends in Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), 2020-04-30]


six (14.6%) patients worsened in a short period of time and died of multiple organ failure;

... In the first published cohort of 41 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, six (14.6%) patients worsened in a short period of time and died of multiple organ failure; [8] when the cohort size expanded to 99 cases, 11 (11.1%) patients died. [9] In ...

Ref: Predictors of Mortality for Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Caused by SARS-CoV-2: A Prospective Cohort Study [Eur Respir J, 2020-04-09]