¿Qué tipo de complicaciones relacionadas con la COVID-19 se asocian a la hipertensión?

(What kinds of complications related to covid-19 are associated with hypertension?)

Primeras 5 respuestas:

1. severe acute respiratory syndrome, mechanical ventilation, and death.


2. The in-hospital mortality in the patients with hypertension was 21.3%.


3. Patients with comorbidity such as hypertension suffer more severe infection with elevated case fatality rate.


4. some patients will develop severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure, and death.


5. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other cardiovascular diseases being the most common [3] .

severe acute respiratory syndrome, mechanical ventilation, and death.

... reports [6] [7] describe several risk factors associated with major complications in COVID-19 such as severe acute respiratory syndrome, mechanical ventilation, and death. Among these risk factors (including older age and several comorbidities), the presence of hypertension has ...

Ref: Is Hypertension a Real Risk Factor for Poor Prognosis in the COVID-19 Pandemic? [Curr Hypertens Rep, 2020-06-13]

The in-hospital mortality in the patients with hypertension was 21.3%.

... [interquartile range, 59-73 years]; 189 [52.2%] were men), of whom 115 (31.8%) were taking ACEI/ARBs. The in-hospital mortality in the patients with hypertension was 21.3%. The percentage of patients with hypertension taking ACEIs/ARBs did not differ between those with severe ...

Ref: Association of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors With Severity or Risk of Death in Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection in Wuhan, China. [JAMA cardiology, 2020-04-23]

Patients with comorbidity such as hypertension suffer more severe infection with elevated case fatality rate.

... 100 countries posing as a serious threat to the public health on a global scale. Patients with comorbidity such as hypertension suffer more severe infection with elevated case fatality rate. Development of effective anti-viral drug is in urgent need to treat COVID-19 patients. Here we ...

Ref: Calcium channel blocker amlodipine besylate is associated with reduced case fatality rate of COVID-19 patients with hypertension [JAMA cardiology, 2020-04-14]

some patients will develop severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure, and death.

... of 5.7%. [1] Although the majority of COVID-19 patients present with mild or no symptoms, some patients will develop severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure, and death. Clinical predictors may provide vital clues regarding efficient resource planning and allocation during a pandemic. ...

Ref: Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia – A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression() [Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2020-04-17]

hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other cardiovascular diseases being the most common [3] .

... infection to mild, and to critical illness [1, 2] . A significant portion of COVID-19 patients were reported to have at least one underlying complication when admitted to hospital, with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other cardiovascular diseases being the most common [3] . ...

Ref: Impact of Chronic Comorbidities on Progression and Prognosis in Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study in 1031 Hospitalized Cases in Wuhan, China [Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2020-06-16]

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure and death.

... a few portions of patients may develop severe pneumonia with progression to lethal complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure and death. Determining risk factors to anticipate the severity of COVID-19 are essential for efficient resource allocation ...

Ref: Hypertension is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression [J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst, 2020-05-14]

Some included coronary heart disease and heart failure, whereas others also included cerebrovascular disease.

... other comorbidities such as diabetes and kidney impairment. One should notice that different studies used various definitions of CVD. Some included coronary heart disease and heart failure, whereas others also included cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, one should be cautious in the interpretation of these results. ...

Ref: cord_uid bwkad2s0 COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular dise... bwkad2s0 COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular dise... Name: title, dtype: object [J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst, cord_uid bwkad2s0 2020-05-13 bwkad2s0 2020-05-13 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]

complications induced by poorly controlled blood pressure might cause exacerbation of COVID-19 and even death.

... current evidences, we do not suggest arbitrary withdrawl or alteration of usual anti-hypertensive treatment, as complications induced by poorly controlled blood pressure might cause exacerbation of COVID-19 and even death. Indeed, the Council on Hypertension of European Society of Cardiology (ESC) also recommended that treatment ...

Ref: No adequate evidence indicating hypertension as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity [Clin Res Cardiol, 2020-04-23]

Hypertension, diabetes, COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease are major risk factors for patients with COVID-19.

... revealed no correlation between increased risk of COVID-19 and liver disease, malignancy, or renal disease. Hypertension, diabetes, COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease are major risk factors for patients with COVID-19. Knowledge of these risk factors can be a resource for clinicians in the early appropriate ...

Ref: Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis [Aging (Albany NY), 2020]

Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5­fold increased risk of severe COVID­19

... data were pooled into a meta­analysis to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS: Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5­fold increased risk of severe COVID­19 (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.98-3.12; I2 = 24%), as well as with a similarly significant ...

Ref: Hypertension in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis [Pol Arch Intern Med, 2020]

DM was associated with mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, and disease progression in patients with COVID-19.

... in prevalence of hypertension ≥25% (RR 1.93) compared to <25% (RR 3.06). Subgroup analysis on median age <55 years-old and prevalence of hypertension <25% showed strong association (RR 3.33) CONCLUSION: DM was associated with mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, and disease progression in patients with COVID-19. ...

Ref: Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia - A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression [Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2020]

Risk factors for lethality in COVID-19 include early-onset diabetes, obesity, COPD, advanced age, hypertension, immunosuppression, and CKD;

... 177,133 subjects at May 18th, 2020, we observed 51,633 subjects with SARS-CoV-2 and 5,332 deaths. Risk factors for lethality in COVID-19 include early-onset diabetes, obesity, COPD, advanced age, hypertension, immunosuppression, and CKD; we observed that obesity mediates 49.5% of the effect of diabetes on COVID-19 lethality. Early-onset ...

Ref: Predicting mortality due to SARS-CoV-2: A mechanistic score relating obesity and diabetes to COVID-19 outcomes in Mexico [J. clin. endocrinol. metab, 2020]

inpatient use of ACEI/ARB was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with ACEI/ARB nonusers.

... patients with COVID-19 and coexisting hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and coexisting hypertension, inpatient use of ACEI/ARB was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with ACEI/ARB nonusers. While study interpretation needs to consider the potential for residual confounders, it is unlikely that ...

Ref: Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19 [Circ Res, 2020]

This may be related to higher levels of endothelin in hypertensive patients and its effect on innate immune response.

... for the development of the severe and critical forms of COVID-19 independently of antihypertensive therapy. This may be related to higher levels of endothelin in hypertensive patients and its effect on innate immune response. There is strong evidence that the innate immune response is key in the . CC-BY-ND ...

Ref: Role of Drugs Affecting the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System on Susceptibility and Severity of COVID-19: A Large Case-Control Study from Zheijang Province, China. [Circ Res, 2020-04-29]

A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the use of ACEI and ARB associated with pneumonia using published studies.

... based on treatment using one of anti-hypertension drugs (ACEI, ARB, CCB, BB, thiazide), or none. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the use of ACEI and ARB associated with pneumonia using published studies. Findings Among the elderly (age>65) COVID-19 patients with hypertension comorbidity, the risk of COVID-19-S (severe ...

Ref: Anti-hypertensive Angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients [Circ Res, 2020-03-27]

Among 2877 hospitalized patients, 29.5% (850/2877) had a history of hypertension.

... treatments were stratified according to the medical history or medications administrated prior to the infection. Among 2877 hospitalized patients, 29.5% (850/2877) had a history of hypertension. After adjustment for confounders, patients with hypertension had a two-fold increase in the relative risk ...

Ref: Association of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment with COVID-19 mortality: a retrospective observational study. [European heart journal, 2020-06-04]

there were more severe symptoms; greater likelihood of other complications, such as diabetes; more likelihood of transfer to the ICU; and worse laboratory indicators.

... However, this result may be related to the higher age in this group than in nonhypertension group. In addition, there were more severe symptoms; greater likelihood of other complications, such as diabetes; more likelihood of transfer to the ICU; and worse laboratory indicators. COVID-19 patients with hypertension need additional attention to prevent adverse outcomes. ...

Ref: COVID-19 patients with hypertension have more severe disease: a multicenter retrospective observational study [Hypertens Res, 2020-06-01]

Older patients and those with pre-existing medical conditions have been identified as populations at risk of a severe disease course.

... coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses an enormous challenge to healthcare systems in affected communities. Older patients and those with pre-existing medical conditions have been identified as populations at risk of a severe disease course. It remains unclear at this point to what extent chronic liver diseases should be considered ...

Ref: Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper [JHEP Rep, 2020-04-02]

Twenty-six (78.8%) patients developed pneumonia on admission.

... There were 33 (63.5%) patients had comorbidities, the most common symptom was hypertension (17, 51.5%). Twenty-six (78.8%) patients developed pneumonia on admission. Lymphocytes (0.6 × 109/L) decreased in both mild and severe/critical patients. Median levels of D-dimer, ...

Ref: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with COVID-19 [J. med. virol, 2020]

patients receiving ACEI or ARB therapy had a lower rate of severe diseases and a trend toward a lower level of IL-6 in peripheral blood.

... patients with hypertension were enrolled to evaluate the effect of RAS inhibitors. We observed that patients receiving ACEI or ARB therapy had a lower rate of severe diseases and a trend toward a lower level of IL-6 in peripheral blood. In addition, ACEI or ARB therapy increased CD3 and CD8 T cell counts in peripheral ...

Ref: Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension [Emerg Microbes Infect, 2020]

COVID-19 virus might attack heart via inducing inflammatory storm.

... in COVID-19, especially in older patients, patients with hypertension and male patients with current smoking. COVID-19 virus might attack heart via inducing inflammatory storm. High levels of heart injury indicators on admission are associated with higher mortality and shorter ...

Ref: Heart injury signs are associated with higher and earlier mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [Emerg Microbes Infect, 2020-02-29]

Almost 75% of patients who have died in the pandemic in Italy had hypertension.

... COVID-19. Patients with severe COVID-19 infections commonly are older and have a history of hypertension. Almost 75% of patients who have died in the pandemic in Italy had hypertension. This raised multiple questions regarding a more severe course of COVID-19 in relation to hypertension ...

Ref: Hypertension, the renin-angiotensin system, and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections and lung injury: implications for COVID-19 [Cardiovasc. res, 2020]

A history of hypertension was present in 4357 patients (34.6%),

... a total of 5894 (46.8%) were positive; 1002 of these patients (17.0%) had severe illness. A history of hypertension was present in 4357 patients (34.6%), among whom 2573 (59.1%) had a positive test; 634 of these patients (24.6%) had severe ...

Ref: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors and Risk of Covid-19 [N. Engl. j. med, 2020]

myocardial injury and myocarditis, AMI, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and VTE.

... COVID-19 is associated with a number of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury and myocarditis, AMI, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and VTE. Some of the medications utilized to treat COVID-19 also have potential cardiac complications. It is important for the emergency clinicians ...

Ref: Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 [Am J Emerg Med, 2020-04-18]

Recent data are showing significant prevalence of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among patients with COVID-19,

... disease (COVID-19) has spread all around the world in a very short period of time. Recent data are showing significant prevalence of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among patients with COVID-19, which raised many questions about higher susceptibility of patients with these comorbidities to the novel ...

Ref: COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases: Should we change the therapy? [Pharmacol Res, 2020]

The most common comorbidities in one report were hypertension (30%), diabetes (19%), and coronary heart disease (8%).

... worse outcomes with development of increased severity of lung injury and mortality have been reported. The most common comorbidities in one report were hypertension (30%), diabetes (19%), and coronary heart disease (8%). 3 Another report showed that the most frequent comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 who developed ...

Ref: Hypertension and COVID-19 [Am J Hypertens, 2020-04-06]

Other cardiovascular implications including arrythmia and heart failure also needs to be considered since they can be fatal.

... disease severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients. Hypertension, acute cardiac injury and coronary heart diseases in COVID-19 patients needs to be carefully monitored and managed in case of acute conditions. Other cardiovascular implications including arrythmia and heart failure also needs to be considered since they can be fatal. ...

Ref: Cardiovascular Diseases and COVID-19 Mortality and Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [Am J Hypertens, 2020-04-16]

Taking ACEI or ARB drugs may not change the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with hypertension.

... history of hypertension had a significantly lower lymphocyte count on admission. The elderly and comorbidities such as hypertension may together constitute risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. Taking ACEI or ARB drugs may not change the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. ...

Ref: Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with hypertension on renin-angiotensin system inhibitors [Clin Exp Hypertens, 2020]

diabetes mellitus (16·2%), coronary heart diseases (5·8%), and cerebrovascular disease (2·3%).

... infection indicated that in 173 with severe disease there existed the comorbidities of hypertension (23·7%), diabetes mellitus (16·2%), coronary heart diseases (5·8%), and cerebrovascular disease (2·3%). In a another study [3] of 140 patients who were admitted to a hospital with ...

Ref: Commentary: COVID-19 in patients with diabetes [Metabolism, 2020-03-24]

severe pneumonia, excessive inflammatory reactions, organ and tissue damage, and deterioration of the disease.

... mortality or severity. COVID-19 patients with hypertension were more likely than patients without hypertension to have severe pneumonia, excessive inflammatory reactions, organ and tissue damage, and deterioration of the disease. Patients with hypertension should be given additional attention to prevent worsening of their condition. ...

Ref: COVID-19 patients with hypertension have more severe disease: a multicenter retrospective observational study [Hypertens. res, 2020]

There is increasing understanding that severe COVID-19 causes considerable vascular abnormalities including widespread microthrombotic and macrothrombotic events, renal and cardiac failure.

... There is increasing understanding that severe COVID-19 causes considerable vascular abnormalities including widespread microthrombotic and macrothrombotic events, renal and cardiac failure. The association of hypertension with its potential microvascular disease, with more severe disease and poor outcomes from COVID-19, is therefore an important consideration. ...

Ref: The importance of hypertension as a risk factor for severe illness and mortality in COVID‐19 [Anaesthesia, 2020-05-09]

hypertension was present in nearly 21%, followed by diabetes in nearly 11%, and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in approximately 7% of patients.

... studies (n = 2209) that have reported the characteristics of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19, hypertension was present in nearly 21%, followed by diabetes in nearly 11%, and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in approximately 7% of patients. Although the emerging data hints to an increase in mortality in COVID-19 patients with known ...

Ref: Comorbidities in COVID-19: Outcomes in hypertensive cohort and controversies with renin angiotensin system blockers [Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2020]

adult respiratory distress syndrome, cardiovascular compromise, and mortality.

... comorbidities, including hypertension, have also been significantly associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19 such as adult respiratory distress syndrome, cardiovascular compromise, and mortality. [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] Since the comorbidity of hypertension has been associated with severe ...

Ref: The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Coronavirus Infection – current considerations during the pandemic [J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2020-04-16]

the patient also showed other symptoms such as dry cough, fatigue, and dyspnea, and so on.

... the results, we found that fever was the commonest symptom during the early stage, besides, the patient also showed other symptoms such as dry cough, fatigue, and dyspnea, and so on. In terms of underlying diseases, hypertension was the commonest comorbidity (32.7%). For the first time, ...

Ref: Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with hypertension on renin–angiotensin system inhibitors [Clin Exp Hypertens, 2020-05-13]

Patients with COPD, cardiovascular disease and hypertension were at higher risk of severe illness and ICU admission.

... 95% CI 2.44-16.9) and ICU admission (pOR 17.8, 95% CI 6.56-48.2), followed by cardiovascular disease and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Dyspnoea was the only symptom predictive for severe COVID-19 and ICU admission. Patients with COPD, cardiovascular disease and hypertension were at higher risk of severe illness and ICU admission. ...

Ref: Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Int. j. public health, 2020]

RESULTS Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5-fold significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease

... was pooled into a meta-analysis to calculate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5-fold significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease (OR: 2.49 [95%CI: 1.98-3.12] I2=24%), as well as with a similarly significant higher risk of ...

Ref: Hypertension and its severity or mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis. [Polish archives of internal medicine, 2020-03-31]

Severe male patients with heart injury, hyperglycemia, and high-dose corticosteroid use may have high risk of death.

... death in patients with severe COVID-19. Conclusions Patients with elder age, hypertension, and high LDH level need careful observation and early intervention to prevent the potential development of severe COVID-19. Severe male patients with heart injury, hyperglycemia, and high-dose corticosteroid use may have high risk of death. ...

Ref: Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan [J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2020-04-12]

Patients with hypertension taking RAAS inhibitors were 35% less likely to die from COVID-19 compared to patients with hypertension not taking RAAS inhibitors

... was quantified. Results: Data were collected on 2,065,805 individuals (mean age, 58.73 years; 53.4% male). Patients with hypertension taking RAAS inhibitors were 35% less likely to die from COVID-19 compared to patients with hypertension not taking RAAS inhibitors (pooled RR= 0.65, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 0.45-0.94). To explore the association of COVID-19 and ...

Ref: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mortality in patients with hypertension hospitalized for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2020-05-26]

Hypertension, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy and coronary heart disease are amongst major cardiovascular disease comorbidities seen in severe cases of COVID-19.

... likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and they are more likely to develop severe symptoms. Hypertension, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy and coronary heart disease are amongst major cardiovascular disease comorbidities seen in severe cases of COVID-19. There is growing literature exploring cardiac involvement in SARS-CoV-2. Myocardial injury is one of the ...

Ref: Myocardial injury and COVID-19: Possible mechanisms [Life Sci, 2020-04-28]

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), malignant arrhythmias, acute renal injury and acute coagulopathy.

... disease. Patients with a high TnT level showed a higher incidence of complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), malignant arrhythmias, acute renal injury and acute coagulopathy. The mortality during hospitalisation was 7.62% (eight of 105) for patients without underlying cardiovascular disease ...

Ref: Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19: les liaisons dangereuses [Eur J Prev Cardiol, 2020-05-11]

Patients complained with palpitation, chest tightness, shortness of breath after exercises et al.

... The first most important clinical observations pointed to that a few patients infected with COVID-19 might have no sign of respiratory symptoms. Patients complained with palpitation, chest tightness, shortness of breath after exercises et al. ...

Ref: A close-up on COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases [Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2020-04-08]

Hypertension has been widely reported to be associated with increase disease severity,

... or fatal disease are necessary to enable risk stratification and optimize allocation of limited resources. Hypertension has been widely reported to be associated with increase disease severity, however, other studies have reported different findings. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of hypertension and ...

Ref: Hypertension and its severity or mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis. [Polish archives of internal medicine, 2020-03-31]

The meta-analysis showed that ARB use has positive effects associated with morbidity and mortality of pneumonia.

... prior to hospitalization compared to patients who took no drugs (OR=0.343, 95% CI 0.128-0.916, p=0.025). The meta-analysis showed that ARB use has positive effects associated with morbidity and mortality of pneumonia. Interpretation Elderly (age>65) COVID-19 patients with hypertension comorbidity who are taking ARB anti-hypertension drugs may ...

Ref: Anti-hypertensive Angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients [Polish archives of internal medicine, 2020-03-27]

acute-onset heart failure, myocardial infarction, myocarditis and cardiac arrest from anecdotal and published data.

... bulletin on 6 March 2020 highlighting some of the acute cardiac complications of COVID-19, including acute-onset heart failure, myocardial infarction, myocarditis and cardiac arrest from anecdotal and published data. Wang et al. retrospectively reviewed 138 hospitalised patients with COVID-19, and showed 16.7% of patients ...

Ref: COVID-19 and hypertension [J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst, 2020-05-20]

The most common complications were hypertension (36.5%) and diabetes (15.5%),

... expectoration (19.4%), muscle ache (7.7%), and diarrhea (12.9%), whereas headache occurred in 3 cases (1.0%). The most common complications were hypertension (36.5%) and diabetes (15.5%), followed by cerebrovascular diseases (6.8%) and cardiovascular diseases (6.1%). The number of deaths in the ...

Ref: COVID-19 patients with hypertension have more severe disease: a multicenter retrospective observational study [Hypertens Res, 2020-06-01]

Patient 3 was an 87-year-old man with alcohol-related cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and esophageal variceal hemorrhage.

... and she died of acute respiratory distress syndrome 40 days after presenting with COVID-19 infection. Patient 3 was an 87-year-old man with alcohol-related cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and esophageal variceal hemorrhage. He was discharged from the hospital 29 days after illness onset. CONCLUSION: The case series ...

Ref: Clinical course of COVID-19 in patients with pre-existing decompensated cirrhosis: initial report from China [Hepatol Int, 2020-05-22]

hypertension (five;7%), obesity (seven;9%) and diabetes (one;1%)—

... had been performed and was positive Cardiovascular comorbidities were observed among adult patients—atrial fibrillation (seven;9%), hypertension (five;7%), obesity (seven;9%) and diabetes (one;1%)— but were absent among children Cardiovascular complications were mainly observed in the “confirmed”COVID-19+ group, consisting ...

Ref: COVID-19 and Congenital Heart Disease: Results from a Nationwide Survey [Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 1774, 2020]

Acute cardiac injury may act as a marker of in-hospital mortality risk.

... underlying cardiovascular comorbidities, including CVD and hypertension, may face a greater risk of fatal outcomes. Acute cardiac injury may act as a marker of in-hospital mortality risk. Given the unadjusted results of our meta-analysis, future well-designed studies with multivariate analysis are warranted ...

Ref: Impact of cardiovascular disease and cardiac injury on in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Heart, 2020-05-27]

These risk factors are associated with pro-inflammatory changes, including leukocyte activation and cerebrovascular thrombosis under inflammatory stimulation.

... diseases often present with complications such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other stroke risk factors. These risk factors are associated with pro-inflammatory changes, including leukocyte activation and cerebrovascular thrombosis under inflammatory stimulation. Inflammatory cells begin to accumulate in the vascular wall in the early stage of atherosclerosis, ...

Ref: Influence of COVID-19 on Cerebrovascular Disease and its Possible Mechanism [Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat, 2020-05-28]

Among COVID-19 patients with hypertension, those received either ARBs/ACEIs or non-ARBs/ACEIs had comparable blood pressure.

... groups. The frequency of ARBs/ACEIs usage in hypertension patients with or without COVID-19 were comparable. Among COVID-19 patients with hypertension, those received either ARBs/ACEIs or non-ARBs/ACEIs had comparable blood pressure. However, ARBs/ACEIs group had significantly lower concentrations of CRP (p=0.049) and procalcitonin (PCT, p=0.008). Furthermore, ...

Ref: Effects Of ARBs And ACEIs On Virus Infection, Inflammatory Status And Clinical Outcomes In COVID-19 Patients With Hypertension: A Single Center Retrospective Study. [Hypertension, 2020-04-29]

The detection of elevated blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the cardinal aspects of optimal antenatal care.

... medical complications of pregnancy and a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and death. The detection of elevated blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the cardinal aspects of optimal antenatal care. With the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the risk for person-to-person spread ...

Ref: A Proposed Plan for Prenatal Care to Minimize Risks of COVID-19 to Patients and Providers: Focus on Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy [Am. j. perinatol, 2020]

Patients with severe COVID-19 infections commonly are older and have a history of hypertension.

... of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection referred to as COVID-19. Patients with severe COVID-19 infections commonly are older and have a history of hypertension. Almost 75% of patients who have died in the pandemic in Italy had hypertension. This ...

Ref: Hypertension, the renin-angiotensin system, and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections and lung injury: implications for COVID-19 [Cardiovasc. res, 2020]

Patients with hypertension and/or diabetes who used favipiravir experienced a reduction in fever and cough relief faster than patients who used arbidol.

... showed that favipiravir (71.43%) is more effective than arbidol (55.86%) in the treatment of COVID-19. Patients with hypertension and/or diabetes who used favipiravir experienced a reduction in fever and cough relief faster than patients who used arbidol. However, there was no difference in auxiliary oxygen therapy or noninvasive mechanical ventilation between patients ...

Ref: Metabolic syndrome and COVID-19: An update on the associated comorbidities and proposed therapies [Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2020-06-11]

Severe male patients with heart injury, hyperglycemia, and high-dose corticosteroid use may have a high risk of death.

... in patients with severe COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with older age, hypertension, and high lactate dehydrogenase level need careful observation and early intervention to prevent the potential development of severe COVID-19. Severe male patients with heart injury, hyperglycemia, and high-dose corticosteroid use may have a high risk of death. ...

Ref: Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan [J. allergy clin. immunol, 2020]

acute respiratory distress syndrome 6 and disseminated intravascular coagulation after matching baseline factors,

... septic shock by 62% without 5 reducing the risk of other serious complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome 6 and disseminated intravascular coagulation after matching baseline factors, suggesting that 7 ACEI/ARB therapy led to a different type of severity of COVID-19 10 ...

Ref: Inflammation Level Severity and Death in Patients With COVID-19: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [J. allergy clin. immunol, 2020-05-26]

diabetes; more likelihood of transfer to the ICU; and worse laboratory indicators.

... group than in nonhypertension group. In addition, there were more severe symptoms; greater likelihood of other complications, such as diabetes; more likelihood of transfer to the ICU; and worse laboratory indicators. COVID-19 patients with hypertension need additional attention to prevent adverse outcomes. ...

Ref: COVID-19 patients with hypertension have more severe disease: a multicenter retrospective observational study [Hypertens Res, 2020-06-01]

As shown in Figure 1(B) , there was a trend toward lower IL-6 levels in patients from the ACEI/ARB group.

... effects of taking ACEI or ARB drugs on laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. As shown in Figure 1(B) , there was a trend toward lower IL-6 levels in patients from the ACEI/ARB group. No marked variation in C-reactive protein (CRP) was observed between the two groups (Figure 1(B) ...

Ref: Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension [Emerg Microbes Infect, 2020-03-31]

Hyperlipidemia, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and many other metabolic disorders are often combined and affect each other.

... Hyperlipidemia, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and many other metabolic disorders are often combined and affect each other. Professor Jiao Guo from our team proposed the new concept of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorders (GLMD). 20 GLMD is associated with neuroendocrine disorders, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, chronic inflammatory responses, and ...

Ref: Effects of hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease on COVID-19 diseases severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Emerg Microbes Infect, 2020-03-30]

COVID-19 can significantly affect the heart function and lead to myocardial injury.

... CHD (OR=16.609, 95%CI 2.288-120.577, P=0.005) were the independent risk factors of critical disease status. Conclusions: COVID-19 can significantly affect the heart function and lead to myocardial injury. The past medical history of CHD and increased level of cTnI are two independent determinants ...

Ref: [Analysis of myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 and association between concomitant cardiovascular diseases and severity of COVID-19] [Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi, 2020]

cough and fever were the most common symptoms found in our analysis.

... (Sun et al. 2020) and the WHO-China joint mission on COVID-19 (WHO-China Joint Mission 2020), cough and fever were the most common symptoms found in our analysis. We found that the prevalence of dyspnoea in the ICU group was 67.2%, compared with ...

Ref: Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Int J Public Health, 2020-05-25]

diffuse inflammatory response and ACE-2 ( Figure 1 ).

... is not. 7 Major pathophysiological pathways by which COVID-19 causes cardiovascular and systemic complications is diffuse inflammatory response and ACE-2 ( Figure 1 ). The characteristic COVID-19 "cytokine storm" is reflected by increased IL-17, IL-7, IL-6, interferon-c, and TNFa. ...

Ref: The interplay of Hypertension, ACE-2 and SARS-CoV-2: Emerging data as the “Ariadne’s thread” for the “labyrinth” of COVID-19 [Hellenic J Cardiol, 2020-05-22]

However, the association of hypertension with the severity and fatality of COVID-19 remain unclear.

... Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients. However, the association of hypertension with the severity and fatality of COVID-19 remain unclear. In the present meta-analysis, relevant studies reported the impacts of hypertension on SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified by searching PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, ...

Ref: Association of hypertension with the severity and fatality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis [Epidemiol Infect, 2020]

widespread microthrombotic and macrothrombotic events, renal and cardiac failure.

... There is increasing understanding that severe COVID-19 causes considerable vascular abnormalities including widespread microthrombotic and macrothrombotic events, renal and cardiac failure. The association of hypertension with its potential microvascular disease, with more severe disease and poor outcomes from COVID-19, ...

Ref: The importance of hypertension as a risk factor for severe illness and mortality in COVID‐19 [Anaesthesia, 2020-05-09]

They include vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, myocardial depression, stress cardiomyopathy, myocarditis and arrhythmias, coagulopathies and thrombosis.

... have been suggested that would explain an increased risk of CV disease 4, 26 . They include vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, myocardial depression, stress cardiomyopathy, myocarditis and arrhythmias, coagulopathies and thrombosis. Early predictive markers of severity and worse prognosis in Covid-19 patients have been detected in ...

Ref: Covid-19 and cardiovascular risk: susceptibility to infection to SARS-CoV-2, severity and prognosis of Covid-19 and blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. An evidence-based viewpoint [Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2020-05-29]

hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), liver disease, malignancy, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease;

... COVID-19; (2) Subjects: diagnosed patients with COVID-19; (3) Exposure intervention: COVID-19 patients with comorbidity included: hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), liver disease, malignancy, renal disease, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease; (4) Outcome indicator: the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each comorbidity. ...

Ref: Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis [Aging (Albany NY), 2020-04-08]

chronic heart failure, cerebral infarction, and chronic renal failure make the patient much more vulnerable to progression to severe infection or death.

... of hypertension in patients with COVID-19 is more likely due to the fact that the age of severe patients was significantly older and because major complications of hypertension such as chronic heart failure, cerebral infarction, and chronic renal failure make the patient much more vulnerable to progression to severe infection or death. ...

Ref: Is the use of RAS inhibitors safe in the current era of COVID-19 pandemic? [Clin Hypertens, 2020-05-07]

Diabetes is a common comorbidity associated with poorer outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and these patients often have hypertension and are prescribed RAAS inhibitors.

... but the authors rightly cautioned against overinterpretation of these data because of potential unmeasured confounding. Diabetes is a common comorbidity associated with poorer outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and these patients often have hypertension and are prescribed RAAS inhibitors. Thus, an interesting and potentially clinically important finding in the study by de Abajo and ...

Ref: Hypertension, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibition, and COVID-19 [Lancet, 2020-05-14]

Conversely, avoiding the use of ACEi and ARBs in patients with hypertension could cause result in worsening of hypertension control and accelerated adverse cardiovascular effects.

... allow SARS-CoV-2 to find more targets to attack and infect, thus worsening the patient"s condition. Conversely, avoiding the use of ACEi and ARBs in patients with hypertension could cause result in worsening of hypertension control and accelerated adverse cardiovascular effects. The data in Table 1 highlight the weaknesses in the available evidence [7, [16] [17] ...

Ref: Review of evidence on using ACEi and ARBs in patients with hypertension and COVID-19 [Drugs Ther Perspect, 2020-06-09]

the association of hypertension with the severity and fatality of COVID-19 remain unclear.

... Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients. However, the association of hypertension with the severity and fatality of COVID-19 remain unclear. In the present meta-analysis, relevant studies reported the impacts of hypertension on SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified by searching PubMed, Elsevier Science ...

Ref: Association of hypertension with the severity and fatality of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis [Epidemiol Infect, 2020]

Increasing pulmonary vascular resistance led to overloading of the right ventricle and eventually death.

... Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic and progressive lung disease caused by multiple differing etiologies. Increasing pulmonary vascular resistance led to overloading of the right ventricle and eventually death. 1 PH is characterized by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ! 25 mmHg at ...

Ref: cord_uid 1nxfh9yt Understanding the current status of patients w... 1nxfh9yt Understanding the current status of patients w... Name: title, dtype: object [Epidemiol Infect, cord_uid 1nxfh9yt 2020 1nxfh9yt 2020-05-18 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]

Recent data showed that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the most prevalent comorbidities in COVID-19 patients.

... a disease caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent data showed that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the most prevalent comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, data indicate that hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are important risk factors for progression ...

Ref: COVID-19 and diabetes: Is there enough evidence? [Journal of clinical hypertension, 2020-05-29]

CONCLUSIONS C-reactive protein may help to identify patients with diabetes who are at greater risk of dying during hospitalization.

... patients who do not use ACEI/ARB among patients with diabetes and hypertension who have COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS C-reactive protein may help to identify patients with diabetes who are at greater risk of dying during hospitalization. Older patients with diabetes were prone to death related to COVID-19. Attention needs to be ...

Ref: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Diabetes and COVID-19 in Association With Glucose-Lowering Medication. [Diabetes care, 2020-05-14]

hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia or even sudden cardiac death.

... of hydroxychloroquine until further data become available as patients with SARS-CoV-2 complications can present with hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia or even sudden cardiac death. 25 These may also be associated with hydroxychloroquine since it can prolong QTc interval, particularly ...

Ref: Therapeutic uncertainties in people with cardiometabolic diseases and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2 or COVID‐19) [Diabetes Obes Metab, 2020-05-19]

Fever and cough were the dominant symptoms for all three viruses, whereas digestive symptoms and chill were relatively rare for COVID-19.

... The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 20, 2020. . MERS (68.0%), while hypertension for COVID-19 (19.0%). Fever and cough were the dominant symptoms for all three viruses, whereas digestive symptoms and chill were relatively rare for COVID-19. ...

Ref: Incidence, clinical characteristics and prognostic factor of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Diabetes Obes Metab, 2020-03-20]

hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney diseases, and diabetes may increase the risk for various cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.

... disease remains unclear. This topic is a matter of interest. One of the plausible explanation is that both cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases share the same risk factors and often overlapped, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney diseases, and diabetes may increase the risk for various cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. ...

Ref: Impact of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases on Mortality and Severity of COVID-19 – Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression [J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2020-05-14]

The patients presented with heart palpitations and chest tightness rather than with respiratory symptoms,

... some of the patients first went to see a doctor www.nature.com/nrcardio because of cardiovascular symptoms. The patients presented with heart palpitations and chest tightness rather than with respiratory symptoms, such as fever and cough, but were later diagnosed with COVID-19. Among the people who ...

Ref: COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system [Nat Rev Cardiol, 2020-03-05]

Patients with hypertension taking RAAS inhibitors were 35% less likely to die from COVID-19

... was quantified. Results: Data were collected on 2,065,805 individuals (mean age, 58.73 years; 53.4% male). Patients with hypertension taking RAAS inhibitors were 35% less likely to die from COVID-19 compared to patients with hypertension not taking RAAS inhibitors (pooled RR= 0.65, 95% Confidence Intervals ...

Ref: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mortality in patients with hypertension hospitalized for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Nat Rev Cardiol, 2020-05-26]

COVID-19 could result in myocardial injury, which affects the prognosis of COVID-19.

... mechanical ventilation. The hs-cTnI levels in the remaining hospitalized patients were higher than in the discharged patients (P=0.047). CONCLUSIONS CVDs play a vital role in the disease severity of COVID-19. COVID-19 could result in myocardial injury, which affects the prognosis of COVID-19. ...

Ref: Impact of Cardiovascular Disease on Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). [Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2020-06-13]

the risk of COVID-19-S (severe disease) was significantly decreased in patients who took ARB drugs prior to hospitalization

... with pneumonia using published studies. Findings Among the elderly (age>65) COVID-19 patients with hypertension comorbidity, the risk of COVID-19-S (severe disease) was significantly decreased in patients who took ARB drugs prior to hospitalization compared to patients who took no drugs (OR=0.343, 95% CI 0.128-0.916, p=0.025). The meta-analysis showed ...

Ref: Anti-hypertensive Angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients [Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2020-03-27]

high lactate dehydrogenase level were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 on admission.

... on admission. Older age, underlying hypertension, high cytokine levels (IL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), and high lactate dehydrogenase level were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 on admission. The prevalence of asthma in patients with COVID-19 was 0.9%, markedly lower than that in ...

Ref: Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan [J. allergy clin. immunol, 2020]

uncontrolled hypertension, cardiac function deterioration and renal function impairment,

... RAAS inhibitors would have uncertain benefits, but it would definitely have many disadvantages such as uncontrolled hypertension, cardiac function deterioration and renal function impairment, which could potentially induce more complications in patients with COVID-19 than the infection of coronavirus ...

Ref: COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases: Should we change the therapy? [Pharmacol Res, 2020]

Many patients with COVID-19 experienced acute myocardial injury as evident by an increase in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I levels (6) .

... Many patients with COVID-19 experienced acute myocardial injury as evident by an increase in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I levels (6) . This could be secondary to direct cardiotoxicity or could represent type II myocardial injury in the context of supply-demand mismatch. Moreover, cardiac biomarker levels were significantly higher in patients admitted ...

Ref: The Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Threat for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer [JACC CardioOncol, 2020-04-10]

Some investigations speculated about the association between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and susceptibility to COVID-19,

... parameters, primarily age, did not remain independent predictors of the lethal outcome in COVID-19 patients. Some investigations speculated about the association between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and susceptibility to COVID-19, as well as the relationship between RAAS inhibitors and the adverse outcome in these patients. ...

Ref: COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases: Should we change the therapy? [Pharmacol Res, 2020]

Patients with associated co morbid conditions like obesity, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, malignancy, hypertension and old age are prone to develop severe disease.

... and borderline increase in serum bilirubin and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are the commonest findings. Patients with associated co morbid conditions like obesity, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, malignancy, hypertension and old age are prone to develop severe disease. Limited data is available in patients with COVID-19 and metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease ...

Ref: Metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease increases risk of severe Covid-19. [Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2020-06-10]

The major comorbidities of the fatality cases include hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and chronic bronchitis.

... caused severe acute respiratory syndrome and was associated with ICU admission and high mortality. 3 The major comorbidities of the fatality cases include hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and chronic bronchitis. 2 Some research results show that COVID-19 severe patients had a higher proportion of hypertension, ...

Ref: Effects of hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease on COVID-19 diseases severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2020-03-30]

14 had hypertension, 13 had hyperlipidemia, and 7 had diabetes (6 type 2, 1 type 1).

... age was 53.5 years (IQR, 32.75; range, 20-91), 53.7% (29) were male, 18 were inpatients, and 36 were outpatients (Table 1) . Based on chart documentation of past medical history, 14 had hypertension, 13 had hyperlipidemia, and 7 had diabetes (6 type 2, 1 type 1). ...

Ref: Clinical characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity in California [Diabetes & metabolic syndrome, 2020-03-30]

mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, need for ICU care and disease progression in patients with COVID-19.

... was stronger in studies with a percentage of males < 55% compared to ⩾ 55% (RR 2.32 v. RR 1.79). CONCLUSION: Hypertension was associated with increased composite poor outcome, including mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, need for ICU care and disease progression in patients with COVID-19. ...

Ref: Hypertension is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression [J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst, 2020]

The patients presented with heart palpitations and chest tightness rather than with respiratory symptoms, such as fever and cough,

... some of the patients first went to see a doctor www.nature.com/nrcardio because of cardiovascular symptoms. The patients presented with heart palpitations and chest tightness rather than with respiratory symptoms, such as fever and cough, but were later diagnosed with COVID-19. Among the people who died from COVID-19 reported by ...

Ref: COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system [Nat Rev Cardiol, 2020-03-05]

COVID-19 patients with hypertension were more likely than patients without hypertension to have severe pneumonia, excessive inflammatory reactions, organ and tissue damage,

... failed to show that hypertension was an independent risk factor for COVID-19 mortality or severity. COVID-19 patients with hypertension were more likely than patients without hypertension to have severe pneumonia, excessive inflammatory reactions, organ and tissue damage, and deterioration of the disease. Patients with hypertension should be given additional attention to prevent ...

Ref: COVID-19 patients with hypertension have more severe disease: a multicenter retrospective observational study [Hypertens. res, 2020]

was related to lower mortality of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension

... associated with disease severity (OR 0.71, 95 % CI 0.46-1.08, P 0.11, I2 59%) but was related to lower mortality of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension (OR 0.57, 95 % CI 0.38-0.84, P 0.004, I2 0). In summary, ACEI/ARB therapy did ...

Ref: Decreased Mortality of COVID-19 with Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors Therapy in Patients with Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis. [Hypertension, 2020-05-27]

Twenty­five patients (23.1%) developed severe disease, and of those 12 patients (48%) died.

... this retrospective cohort study. RESULTS: A total of 108 patients with COVID­19 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty­five patients (23.1%) developed severe disease, and of those 12 patients (48%) died. Advanced age, comorbidities (most commonly hypertension), higher blood leukocyte count, neutrophil count, higher C­reactive protein ...

Ref: A retrospective study of risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in hospitalized adult patients [Pol Arch Intern Med, 2020]

Severe COVID-19 patients also showed increased IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ.

... Severe COVID-19 patients also showed increased IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ. 23 It is worthy of studying whether blockade of IL-6 or IL-1β, which is currently under clinical trials, would reduce cardiac injury through inhibition of CD8 + T cell-macrophage infiltration ...

Ref: Is aberrant CD8+ T cell activation by hypertension associated with cardiac injury in severe cases of COVID-19? [Cell Mol Immunol, 2020-05-12]

Most patients with severe complications from COVID-19 have underlying conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.

... Most patients with severe complications from COVID-19 have underlying conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. In parallel, there is growing evidence for a link between periodontitis and non-oral systemic diseases. The oral cavity is also a reservoir for respiratory pathogens, and patients with periodontal disease ...

Ref: News and Perspectives Is There an Association Between Oral Health and Severity of COVID-19 Complications? [Biomed J, 2020-05-29]

related to lower mortality of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension

... with disease severity (OR 0.71, 95 % CI 0.46-1.08, P 0.11, I2 59%) but was related to lower mortality of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension (OR 0.57, 95 % CI 0.38-0.84, P 0.004, I2 0). In summary, ACEI/ARB therapy did ...

Ref: Decreased Mortality of COVID-19 with Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors Therapy in Patients with Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis. [Hypertension, 2020-05-27]

chronic kidney disease (182 patients [39.3%]), and diabetes (178 patients [38.4%]).

... American. Most patients (435 [94.0%]) had at least 1 comorbidity, including hypertension (295 patients [63.7%]), chronic kidney disease (182 patients [39.3%]), and diabetes (178 patients [38.4%]). Common symptoms at presentation were cough (347 patients [74.9%]), fever (315 patients [68.0%]), and dyspnea ...

Ref: Clinical Characteristics and Morbidity Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Series of Patients in Metropolitan Detroit. [JAMA network open, 2020-06-01]

Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a high inflammatory burden that can induce vascular inflammation, myocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias.

... with mortality. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is also strongly associated with mortality. Conclusions and Relevance: Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a high inflammatory burden that can induce vascular inflammation, myocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias. Extensive efforts are underway to find specific vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, cardiovascular risk ...

Ref: Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System: A Review [JAMA cardiol. (Online), 2020]

Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5-fold significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease

... pooled into a meta-analysis to calculate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5-fold significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease (OR: 2.49 [95%CI: 1.98-3.12] I2=24%), as well as with a similarly significant higher risk of ...

Ref: Hypertension and its severity or mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis. [Polish archives of internal medicine, 2020-03-31]

Hypertension has been widely reported to be associated with increased disease severity;

... the disease should be identified to enable risk stratification and to allocate limited resources optimally. Hypertension has been widely reported to be associated with increased disease severity; however, some studies reported different findings. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate the association between ...

Ref: Hypertension in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis [Pol Arch Intern Med, 2020]

severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure.

... of the infected individuals have mild or no symptoms, some of them exhibit more serious complications, including severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. Clinical markers can be valuable for efficient allocation of resources during a pandemic. ...

Ref: Impact of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases on Mortality and Severity of COVID-19 – Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression [J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2020-05-14]

Severe COVID-19 is associated with rapidly progressing systemic inflammation, a pro-inflammatory cytokine storm, and sepsis,

... Severe COVID-19 is associated with rapidly progressing systemic inflammation, a pro-inflammatory cytokine storm, and sepsis, leading to multiorgan failure and death ( Figure 5) . Selected evidence and manifestations of CV injury in COVID-19 patients are summarized in Table 2 . Importantly, there is a ...

Ref: COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options [Cardiovasc Res, 2020-04-30]