¿Cómo vinculan las vías de citocina el sueño y la inmunidad a la infección y covid-19?

(How do cytokine pathways link sleep and immunity to infection and covid-19?)

Primeras 5 respuestas:

1. Sleep status can affect the body's immune status and mental health.


2. Sleep is crucial for maintaining immune systems and contributes deeply to physical and psychological health.


3. Sleep exerted roles in modulation of the synthesis and secretion of numerous cytokines,


4. our findings also have potential implications for resilience to infection in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic.


5. The development of sleep disorders, and specifically insomnia, has been linked to the exposure to different stressors.

Sleep status can affect the body's immune status and mental health.

... OBJECTIVES: Sleep status can affect the body"s immune status and mental health. This study aims to investigate the sleep status of Chinese residents during the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to evaluate its related risk factors. METHODS: This research ...

Ref: Sleep disturbances among Chinese residents during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak and associated factors [Sleep Med, 2020]

Sleep is crucial for maintaining immune systems and contributes deeply to physical and psychological health.

... each member with their own sleep-wake habits, to spend 24 hr a day together, continuously. Sleep is crucial for maintaining immune systems and contributes deeply to physical and psychological health. To assess sleep problems and use of sleeping pills, we conducted a cross-sectional study of ...

Ref: Covid-19 health crisis and lockdown associated with high level of sleep complaints and hypnotic uptake at the population level [J Sleep Res, 2020]

Sleep exerted roles in modulation of the synthesis and secretion of numerous cytokines,

... of pro-inflammatory cytokines were activated, increasing the risk of developing a cytokine storm [3] . Sleep exerted roles in modulation of the synthesis and secretion of numerous cytokines, including detrimental interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, both of which were closely related ...

Ref: In the big picture of COVID-19 pandemic: what can sleep do [Sleep Med, 2020-06-10]

our findings also have potential implications for resilience to infection in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

... and family factors. Given that disrupted and insufficient sleep has been linked to immune system dysfunction, our findings also have potential implications for resilience to infection in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should further explore deficient sleep as a risk factor for coronavirus infection. ...

Ref: Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. [Journal of sleep research, 2020-07-27]

The development of sleep disorders, and specifically insomnia, has been linked to the exposure to different stressors.

... INTRODUCTION: The development of sleep disorders, and specifically insomnia, has been linked to the exposure to different stressors. In this line, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has caused a huge impact on our environment, and has exposed healthcare workers to an ...

Ref: Sleep characteristics in health workers exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic [Sleep Med, 2020]

COVID-19 is associated with an increased mortality in the elderly and particularly those with obesity, hypertension and diabetes,

... develop COVID-19 may be at risk of greater morbidity and mortality than patients without OSA. COVID-19 is associated with an increased mortality in the elderly and particularly those with obesity, hypertension and diabetes, features which are typically seen in patients with OSA. This article describes the COVID-19 environment ...

Ref: Management of sleep apnea in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic [Sleep Med, 2020]

Loneliness may further catalyze numerous poor health outcomes including impaired sleep.

... experience loneliness due to social distancing and isolation during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Loneliness may further catalyze numerous poor health outcomes including impaired sleep. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 related worries and resilience as potential moderators of the ...

Ref: COVID-19 related loneliness and sleep problems in older adults: Worries and resilience as potential moderators [Pers. Individ. Differ., nan]

Sleep deprivation has detrimental effects on immune response and may lead to increased susceptibility to infections [1] .

... workers (FMW) fighting COVID 2019. During this period, Dr Yao"s sleep quality became very poor. Sleep deprivation has detrimental effects on immune response and may lead to increased susceptibility to infections [1] . Previous studies showed 38% -78.4% FMW had sleep disturbance during the outbreak of COVID 2019 ...

Ref: First-line medical workers still exists sleep problems after leaving wards of coronavirus disease 2019 [Sleep Med, 2020-08-06]

Wrist actigraphy assessment provided important clinical information about the sleep and activity levels of Covid-19 patients during the post-acute rehabilitation management.

... unit (ICU) stay showed lower Sleep Efficiency and Immobility Time and higher Fragmentation Index compared to those patients who had experienced only mild respiratory symptoms and not requiring ICU stay. Wrist actigraphy assessment provided important clinical information about the sleep and activity levels of Covid-19 patients during the post-acute rehabilitation management. ...

Ref: Is disruption of sleep quality a consequence of severe Covid-19 infection? A case-series examination. [Chronobiology international, 2020-06-23]

Participants engaged in low PA, high SB, and long sleep duration during the COVID-19 pandemic.

... and sleep data, obtained from 70 participants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, were analyzed. Participants engaged in low PA, high SB, and long sleep duration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, a significant decline in PA while an increase in time spent in both SB ...

Ref: COVID-19 Pandemic Brings a Sedentary Lifestyle in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study [Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online), 2020]

Sleep is crucial for child and adolescent health and well-being,

... pandemic and associated societal response will have wide-ranging impacts on youth development and mental health. Sleep is crucial for child and adolescent health and well-being, and the potential for sleep problems to emerge or worsen during and following the pandemic ...

Ref: Editorial Perspective: Perils and promise for child and adolescent sleep and associated psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic [J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2020]

Sleep is crucial for child and adolescent health and well‐being,

... pandemic and associated societal response will have wide‐ranging impacts on youth development and mental health. Sleep is crucial for child and adolescent health and well‐being, and the potential for sleep problems to emerge or worsen during and following the pandemic ...

Ref: Editorial Perspective: Perils and promise for child and adolescent sleep and associated psychopathology during the COVID‐19 pandemic [J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2020-05-31]

A well-functioning sleep-wake cycle is vital to our health, immune system and prevention of chronic diseases.

... A well-functioning sleep-wake cycle is vital to our health, immune system and prevention of chronic diseases. At least 7 hours of sleep are recommended for optimal health by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 3 During reports of previous natural disasters and other crises where the ...

Ref: Impact of the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Treatment Adherence and Sleep Duration in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Treated with Positive Airway Pressure [J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2020-06-29]

The effects of this lockdown on the psychological and mental health of both the affected and unaffected Chinese are largely unknown currently.

... of 59 million citizens, to cease the spread of the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19). The effects of this lockdown on the psychological and mental health of both the affected and unaffected Chinese are largely unknown currently. We utilized one of the largest crowdsourced databases (Sleep as Android) that consisted of 15,681 ...

Ref: Crowdsourced smartphone data reveal altered sleep/wake pattern in quarantined Chinese during the COVID-19 outbreak. [Chronobiology international, 2020-08-05]

Finally, a significant relationship between sleep quality, generalized anxiety, and psychological distress with PTSD symptoms related to COVID-19 was evidenced.

... increased risk of developing sleep disturbances, as well as higher levels of anxiety and distress. Finally, a significant relationship between sleep quality, generalized anxiety, and psychological distress with PTSD symptoms related to COVID-19 was evidenced. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be a risk factor for ...

Ref: The enemy who sealed the world: effects quarantine due to the COVID-19 on sleep quality, anxiety, and psychological distress in the Italian population [Sleep Med, 2020]

Both the confinement itself and the stress induced by the COVID-19 virus pandemic can lead to significant disruptions in habitual rhythms and sleep.

... Both the confinement itself and the stress induced by the COVID-19 virus pandemic can lead to significant disruptions in habitual rhythms and sleep. Sleep experts from the Sleep and Biological Rhythms in Psychiatry section (SoPsy) of the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology (AFPBN) and the French Society of Sleep Research and ...

Ref: cord_uid oirgaht7 Advices from sleep experts to sleep well and k... oirgaht7 Advices from sleep experts to sleep well and k... Name: title, dtype: object [Sleep Med, cord_uid oirgaht7 2020 oirgaht7 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]

the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended cancelation of elective medical services in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

... BACKGROUND: In March 2020, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended cancelation of elective medical services in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The daily case rate is now declining in many states and there is a need for guidance about the resumption of elective clinical services for patients ...

Ref: Restoring Pulmonary and Sleep Services as the COVID-19 Pandemic Lessens: From an Association of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division Directors and American Thoracic Society-coordinated Task Force [Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. (Online), 2020]

Comprehensive measures that involve psychosocial and personal behaviors should be implemented to improve sleep quality and prevent depression and anxiety symptoms.

... symptoms (OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.19-8.79) were associated with poor sleep quality.Sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety symptoms are very common among frontline nurses who treating patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Comprehensive measures that involve psychosocial and personal behaviors should be implemented to improve sleep quality and prevent depression and anxiety symptoms. ...

Ref: cord_uid tl4tctl4 Sleep quality and mood symptoms in conscripted... tl4tctl4 Sleep quality and mood symptoms in conscripted... Name: title, dtype: object [Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc. (Online), cord_uid tl4tctl4 2020 tl4tctl4 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]

Frontline health care workers who are directly involved in the management of patients with COVID-19 are exposed to heightened levels of stress and uncertainty.

... overload and an increase in the number of night-calls, especially for physicians of our specialty. Frontline health care workers who are directly involved in the management of patients with COVID-19 are exposed to heightened levels of stress and uncertainty. Stress is directly responsible for sleep disturbances and carries in this context a specific risk ...

Ref: Insufficient sleep among Anaesthesiologists and Intensive Care Physicians: it’s time to wake up! [Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med, 2020-09-28]

COVID-19 lockdown induced severe changes in light exposure and social cues.

... COVID-19 lockdown induced severe changes in light exposure and social cues. Leone et al. show that sleep is later and longer on weekdays, with lower social jetlag during lockdown compared with a controlcondition, in the same subjects (n=1021). Sleep quality is ...

Ref: Effects of lockdown on human sleep and chronotype during the COVID-19 pandemic [Curr Biol, 2020-07-08]

General immunity is impaired in severely compromised COVID-19 patients [46] and melatonin stimulates immunity [47] .

... curtail the massive increase in inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, i.e., the cytokine storm. General immunity is impaired in severely compromised COVID-19 patients [46] and melatonin stimulates immunity [47] . Therefore, the use of melatonin, an endogenously-produced and proven-safe molecule, in adequate doses may prevent ...

Ref: Elderly as a High-risk Group during COVID-19 Pandemic: Effect of Circadian Misalignment, Sleep Dysregulation and Melatonin Administration [Sleep Vigil, 2020-09-26]

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, close unprotected contact, and intense aerosols-generating procedures.

... Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, close unprotected contact, and intense aerosols-generating procedures. Sleep study and non-invasive positive airway pressure (NIPAP) therapy can increase the risk of exposure and transmission of new coronaviruses to medical staff and patients. China"s national epidemic control has ...

Ref: [Expert consensus on sleep study and non-invasive positive airway pressure therapy during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019]. [Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases, 2020-04-15]

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, close unprotected contact, and intense aerosols-generating procedures.

... Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, close unprotected contact, and intense aerosols-generating procedures. Sleep study and non-invasive positive airway pressure (NIPAP) therapy can increase the risk of exposure and transmission of new coronaviruses to medical staff and patients. China"s national epidemic control has ...

Ref: [Expert consensus on sleep study and non-invasive positive airway pressure therapy during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019] [Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi, 2020]

Future studies should further explore deficient sleep as a risk factor for coronavirus infection.

... Given that disrupted and insufficient sleep has been linked to immune system dysfunction, our findings also have potential implications for resilience to infection in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should further explore deficient sleep as a risk factor for coronavirus infection. ...

Ref: Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. [Journal of sleep research, 2020-07-27]

Impaired adipocyte-mediated immune function results in chronically high leptin levels and low adiponectin levels and anti-inflammatory adipokines.

... Obesity is associated with several defects in cell-mediated immunity including increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Impaired adipocyte-mediated immune function results in chronically high leptin levels and low adiponectin levels and anti-inflammatory adipokines. Reduced physical activity can impair several steps of the immune response to viruses. Obesity also ...

Ref: Susceptibility of obese population to COVID-19 [Int. j. infect. dis, 2020]

Sleep has a significant immunomodulating function, and sleep assessment is important in both patients at risk and afflicted with novel coronavirus infection.

... stages. This method is easy to use, and can be recommended for home-screening by patients. Sleep has a significant immunomodulating function, and sleep assessment is important in both patients at risk and afflicted with novel coronavirus infection. Thus, the use of bioradiolocation method at home for non-contact sleep monitoring may be relevant ...

Ref: cord_uid bb3ghpbk Benefits of bioradar sleep monitoring in self-... bb3ghpbk Benefits of bioradar sleep monitoring in self-... Name: title, dtype: object [Int. j. infect. dis, cord_uid bb3ghpbk 2020 bb3ghpbk 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]

Sleep is known to play an important role in immune function.

... Sleep is known to play an important role in immune function. However, the effects of sleep quality during hospitalization for COVID-19 remain unclear. This retrospective, single-center cohort study was conducted to investigate the effects of sleep quality on recovery from lymphopenia ...

Ref: Poor-sleep is associated with slow recovery from lymphopenia and an increased need for ICU care in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study [Brain Behav Immun, 2020]

Behavioural responses to COVID19 lockdown will define the long-term impact of psychological stressors on sleep and brain health.

... Behavioural responses to COVID19 lockdown will define the long-term impact of psychological stressors on sleep and brain health. Here we tease apart factors that help protect against sleep disturbance. We capitalise on the unique restrictions during COVID19 to understand how time of day of daylight exposure and outside ...

Ref: Sleep quality, mental health and circadian rhythms during COVID lockdown: Results from the SleepQuest Study [Brain Behav Immun, 2020-07-10]

intrinsic properties of the virus, as well as the immune and inflammatory responses, may cause both sleep and wake impairment;

... report both symptoms; thus, it is possibly to hypothesize different causal pathological mechanisms. In fact, intrinsic properties of the virus, as well as the immune and inflammatory responses, may cause both sleep and wake impairment; however, also hospitalization per se may damage sleep and alter wake in patients with SARS-CoV2 ...

Ref: Sleep and wake impairment in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection [Sleep Med, 2020-07-17]

The normal sleep-wake cycle has been shown to affect the number of undifferentiated naïve T cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

... [12] . Sleep and the circadian system pose a strong regulatory influence on immune functions. The normal sleep-wake cycle has been shown to affect the number of undifferentiated naïve T cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, sleep has been suggested to facilitate the extravasation of T cells and their possible ...

Ref: Insomnia and Stress of Physicians during COVID-19 Outbreak [Sleep Med, 2020-05-20]

sleep can show effects on plasma levels of cytokine IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 when sleep duration was restricted 13 .

... may decrease the production protective cytokines that were released by the immune system. For example, sleep can show effects on plasma levels of cytokine IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 when sleep duration was restricted 13 . Besides, findings in this study showed that a high proportion of COVID-19 nurses felt they ...

Ref: Risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: A retrospective study of a nosocomial outbreak [Sleep Med, 2020-10-14]

Evidence-based policies are required to combat psychological challenges that have arisen due to COVID-19,

... chance of developing sleep disturbance The sleeping schedule is also found as a risk factor for sleep disturbance Conclusion: Evidence-based policies are required to combat psychological challenges that have arisen due to COVID-19, primarily targeting the groups who are largely suffering from sleep disturbance ...

Ref: Identifying the Associated Risk Factors of Sleep Disturbance During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Survey [Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020]

Melatonin improves sleep habits, reduces anxiety and stimulates immunity.

... inflammasome activity. Melatonin blocks these inflammasomes. General immunity is impaired by anxiety and sleep deprivation. Melatonin improves sleep habits, reduces anxiety and stimulates immunity. Fibrosis may be the most dangerous complication after COVID-19. Melatonin is known to prevent fibrosis. ...

Ref: Can melatonin reduce the severity of COVID-19 pandemic? [International reviews of immunology, 2020-04-29]

Good sleep is crucial for coping with stressful situations and strengthening immune defense against infections.

... make it difficult for vulnerable individuals to find activities-physical, work-related, social, cultural-to counterbalance the media"s pervasive influence. Good sleep is crucial for coping with stressful situations and strengthening immune defense against infections. We investigated whether media overexposure was associated with sleeping disorders during the lockdown. ...

Ref: Poor sleep associated with overuse of media during the COVID-19 lockdown [Sleep, 2020-07-25]

Good sleep restores energy, promotes healing, interacts with the immune system and impacts upon behaviour (2) .

... . Sleep has long been recognised as an essential determinant of human health and performance. Good sleep restores energy, promotes healing, interacts with the immune system and impacts upon behaviour (2) . Even acute sleep deprivation can impair judgement and cognitive performance, while persistent deviations have been ...

Ref: Sleepless in Lockdown: unpacking differences in sleep loss during the coronavirus pandemicin the UK [Sleep, 2020-07-21]

HCWs on the frontlines in Egypt and Saudi Arabia experienced depression, anxiety, stress, and inadequate sleeping during the COVID-19 pandemic.

... hospital were associated with a high likelihood of depression, anxiety, stress, and inadequate sleeping. LIMITATIONS: the cross-sectional design restricted our ability to distinguish between preexisting and emerging psychological symptoms. CONCLUSION: HCWs on the frontlines in Egypt and Saudi Arabia experienced depression, anxiety, stress, and inadequate sleeping during the COVID-19 pandemic. ...

Ref: Depressed, anxious, and stressed: What have healthcare workers on the frontlines in Egypt and Saudi Arabia experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic? [J Affect Disord, 2020]

The treatment of sleep disorders has been strongly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

... The treatment of sleep disorders has been strongly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. When the lockdown is over, resumption of usual patient care will require precautions to limit the risk of contamination for patients and caregivers. In this document, the French Association of ...

Ref: Treatment of sleep apnea by ENT specialists during the COVID-19 pandemic [Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis, 2020]

Multiple COVID-19-related factors were associated with sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts in the COVID-19 pandemic.

... the participants reported sleep disturbance, and 10.8% reported having suicidal thoughts in the previous week. Multiple COVID-19-related factors were associated with sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts in the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased worry about COVID-19, more severe impact of COVID-19 on social interaction, lower perceived social ...

Ref: COVID-19-Related Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance and Suicidal Thoughts among the Taiwanese Public: A Facebook Survey [Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online), 2020]

little is known about how sleep among parents and children has been impacted by this current crisis.

... 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the life of families and its possible negative implications for sleep, little is known about how sleep among parents and children has been impacted by this current crisis. In the present study, we addressed, for the first time, possible consequences of the COVID-19 ...

Ref: Maternal perceptions of sleep problems among children and mothers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Israel [J Sleep Res, 2020]

Sleep disorders may exacerbate many physical and mental health conditions, causing difficulty function in a healthcare setting.

... BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders may exacerbate many physical and mental health conditions, causing difficulty function in a healthcare setting. Workers screening for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection have a high risk of not only occupational exposure to the virus but also sleep disorders. However, the job-related factors ...

Ref: Job-related factors associated with changes in sleep quality among healthcare workers screening for 2019 novel coronavirus infection: a longitudinal study [Sleep Med, 2020]

Sleep is known to play an important role in immune function. However, the effects of sleep quality during hospitalization for COVID-19 remain unclear.

... Sleep is known to play an important role in immune function. However, the effects of sleep quality during hospitalization for COVID-19 remain unclear. This retrospective, single-center cohort study was conducted to investigate the effects of sleep quality on recovery from lymphopenia and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the ...

Ref: Poor-sleep is associated with slow recovery from lymphopenia and an increased need for ICU care in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study [Brain Behav Immun, 2020]

Immune responses are compromised by various kinds of stress [2, 3] .

... stress due to emergent lockouts in affected areas/cities/town would also be aggravating their sleep problems. Immune responses are compromised by various kinds of stress [2, 3] . In the present scenario, it is a serious concern as the Coronavirus attacks the immune ...

Ref: Importance of Sleep for Health and Wellbeing Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic [Sleep Vigil, 2020-05-04]

we investigated how home quarantine affected sleep parameters in healthy individuals.

... social distancing. While recent reports showed increased distress and depressive/anxiety state related to COVID-19 crisis, we investigated how home quarantine affected sleep parameters in healthy individuals. Methods 160 healthy individuals who were in home quarantine in April 2020 for at least ...

Ref: Negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quantitative parameters, quality, and circadian alignment: Implications for psychological well-being and emotional regulation [Sleep Vigil, 2020-07-11]

Stress seen in PTSD can generate downstream alterations in immune functions by reducing methylation levels of immune-related genes.

... consequence being both genetic and epigenetic vulnerability to all Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) addictive behaviors. Stress seen in PTSD can generate downstream alterations in immune functions by reducing methylation levels of immune-related genes. Conclusion: Mitigation of these effects by identifying subjects at risk and promoting dopaminergic homeostasis to ...

Ref: Putative COVID- 19 Induction of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) and Associated Behavioral Addictions with Potential Concomitant Dopamine Depletion: Is COVID-19 Social Distancing a Double Edged Sword? [Substance use & misuse, 2020-09-22]

There was a significant increase of psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness, and worsening of quality of sleep in the general population.

... to COVID-19 health emergency started on March 10 and partially ended on May 3rd, 2020. There was a significant increase of psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness, and worsening of quality of sleep in the general population. METHODS: Participants completed an anonymous web-based survey that include questionnaires about sleep and anxiety and ...

Ref: Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep quality in university students and administration staff [J. neurol, 2020]

RESULTS Sleep affects immunity. This happens through the regulation of immunological markers and their cells.

... the books "Oxford textbook of sleep disorders", "Cellular and molecular immunology", and "Treaty of Infectology". RESULTS Sleep affects immunity. This happens through the regulation of immunological markers and their cells. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic can promote sleep disturbances and harm the immune system function. CONCLUSION ...

Ref: Sleep and immunity in times of COVID-19. [Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira, 2020]

As sleep problems may persist and hurt health, it is important to identify which populations have experienced changes in sleeping patterns during the pandemic and their extent.

... The stress imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing social isolation could adversely affect sleep. As sleep problems may persist and hurt health, it is important to identify which populations have experienced changes in sleeping patterns during the pandemic and their extent. METHODS In Study 1, 3,062 responders from 49 countries accessed the survey website voluntarily between ...

Ref: Escalation of sleep disturbances amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional international study. [Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2020-09-09]

In our article, we aimed to give some clinical suggestions related to sleep practices according to current data.

... all healthcare workers involved in aerosol producing procedures are at high risk. During COVID-19 pandemic , the health systems worldwide, along with the practice of chest diseases daily were affected. In our article, we aimed to give some clinical suggestions related to sleep practices according to current data. ...

Ref: [Management of obstructive sleep apnea during COVID-19 pandemic]. [Tuberkuloz ve toraks, 2020-07-01]

Getting enough sleep is crucial for the immune system and the circadian rhythm of hormones.

... to begin reducing hours of using mobile phones and increase doing other activities like reading. Getting enough sleep is crucial for the immune system and the circadian rhythm of hormones. Try having 6 a normal sleep schedule by going to bed early and wake up ...

Ref: The mutual effects of COVID-19 and obesity [Obes Med, 2020-05-06]

This intervention focuses on renewal of immune system function through diet, activity, fluid intake, sleep, intestinal microbiome composition, and stress management.

... infectivity and pathogenicity of viruses. Once identified, these factors lend themselves to specific personalized intervention. This intervention focuses on renewal of immune system function through diet, activity, fluid intake, sleep, intestinal microbiome composition, and stress management. As more is learned about the factors that influence the function of specific components of ...

Ref: Reflections on the COVID-19 Pandemic. [Integrative medicine, 2020-04-01]

The cell-based pathological mechanisms of such progression involve activation of immune-inflammatory cascades resulting in disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier [39] .

... of acute lung injury include dyspnoea, hypoxaemia and pulmonary oedema, which may deteriorate into SARS. The cell-based pathological mechanisms of such progression involve activation of immune-inflammatory cascades resulting in disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier [39] . This immuno-inflammatory activation is influenced by the circadian clock, and therefore deregulation of circadian rhythms, ...

Ref: Putative contributions of circadian clock and sleep in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection [Eur Respir J, 2020-04-29]

The COVID-19 pandemic required sleep centers to consider and implement infection control strategies to mitigate viral transmission to patients and staff.

... STUDY OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic required sleep centers to consider and implement infection control strategies to mitigate viral transmission to patients and staff. Our aim was to assess measures taken by sleep centers due to the COVID-19 pandemic and plans surrounding reinstatement of sleep services. METHODS: We distributed an anonymous online ...

Ref: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep medicine practices [J. clin. sleep med, 2020]

This study thus aimed to examine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its demographic and correlates among frontline health professionals.

... working in isolation units or hospitals during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China. This study thus aimed to examine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its demographic and correlates among frontline health professionals. Methods: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional survey conducted in Liaoning province, China. Sleep quality was ...

Ref: Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Poor Sleep Quality Among Frontline Health Professionals in Liaoning Province, China During the COVID-19 Outbreak [Front. Psychiatry, 2020]

higher doses might also reduce the impact of the cytokine storm that is emerging as immunopathological pathway in a subgroup of patients with worse prognosis.

... been shown to be very high in ICU patients and should be used in the prevention and treatment of sleep disturbances and delirium in COVID-19. Although specific studies are needed, higher doses might also reduce the impact of the cytokine storm that is emerging as immunopathological pathway in a subgroup of patients with worse prognosis. ...

Ref: Delirium and sleep disturbances in COVID–19: a possible role for melatonin in hospitalized patients? [Sleep Med, 2020-04-17]

Melatonin exerts anti-inflammatory effects through various pathways.

... Melatonin exerts anti-inflammatory effects through various pathways. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) may mediate the anti-inflammatory actions of melatonin by inhibiting high mobility group boxechromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1), and thus down-regulating the polarization of macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory type [26] ...

Ref: COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment [Life Sci, 2020-06-01]

Boosting the immune system is crucial during such periods for confined people and especially for confined athletes.

... and mental health while forced to undergo lockdown, quarantine, or limited movement (movement control order). Boosting the immune system is crucial during such periods for confined people and especially for confined athletes. Specific recommendations must be followed concerning boosting the immune system through physiological and psychological management. ...

Ref: The COVID-19 pandemic: How to maintain a healthy immune system during the lockdown - A multidisciplinary approach with special focus on athletes [Biol. Sport, 2020]

Shiftworkers show increased risk for developing viral infections due to possible compromise of both innate and acquired immunity responses.

... a vital behavioral state of living beings and a modulator of immune function and responsiveness. Shiftworkers show increased risk for developing viral infections due to possible compromise of both innate and acquired immunity responses. Short sleep and sleep loss, common consequences of shiftwork, are associated with altered integrity of ...

Ref: Does the compromised sleep and circadian disruption of night and shiftworkers make them highly vulnerable to 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)? [Chronobiology international, 2020-05-20]

Given that disrupted and insufficient sleep has been linked to immune system dysfunction,

... as well as highlighting the importance of the link between sleep health and family factors. Given that disrupted and insufficient sleep has been linked to immune system dysfunction, our findings also have potential implications for resilience to infection in young children during the ...

Ref: Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak [J Sleep Res, 2020]

immune health - increased from 84% to 92% for weekdays during Stay-at-Home versus baseline.

... per night, the minimum recommended sleep duration for adults to maintain health [5] - including immune health - increased from 84% to 92% for weekdays during Stay-at-Home versus baseline. Understanding the factors underlying such changes in sleep health behaviors could help inform public health ...

Ref: Sleep in university students prior to and during COVID-19 Stay-at-Home orders [Curr Biol, 2020]

Backgroud COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the sleep health of local medical and nursing staff.

... Backgroud COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the sleep health of local medical and nursing staff. Aim We used wearable pulse oximeters to monitor and screen the medical and nursing staff working in hospitals designated for COVID-19 in the Wuhan area. This study aimed to establish ...

Ref: Stress and sleep: A survey based on wearable sleep trackers among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic [General Psychiatry, 2020]

IF was found to impact immunity by changing different related elements, including oxidative stress and inflammation, metabolism, body weight, and body composition.

... model of Ramadan affect the various aspects related to the body"s immunity against microbial infections. IF was found to impact immunity by changing different related elements, including oxidative stress and inflammation, metabolism, body weight, and body composition. Dietary and lifestyle modifications during Ramadan month and their impact on immunity, such as water ...

Ref: Ramadan intermittent fasting and immunity: An important topic in the era of COVID-19 [Ann Thorac Med, 2020]

We conducted a social media-based survey to assess potential mechanisms underlying the observed improvement in risk of myocardial infarction.

... pandemic, possibly due to the changes in work-home life leading to a lack of structure. We conducted a social media-based survey to assess potential mechanisms underlying the observed improvement in risk of myocardial infarction. We used validated questionnaires to assess sleep patterns, tobacco consumption and other important health outcomes ...

Ref: Is Increased Sleep Responsible for Reductions in Myocardial Infarction During the COVID-19 Pandemic? [Am J Cardiol, 2020]

The aim of this study was to describe how the COVID-19 related school shutdown impacted the sleep behaviors of typically developing adolescents.

... outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, high schools closed or transitioned to remote teaching. The aim of this study was to describe how the COVID-19 related school shutdown impacted the sleep behaviors of typically developing adolescents. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted between April 28 and June 3, 2020 with 45 ...

Ref: The Impact of COVID-19 Related School Shutdown on Sleep in Adolescents: A Natural Experiment() [Sleep Med, 2020-09-22]

We know that during sleep there is production of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines, however, production of inflammatory cytokines is observed in sleep deprivation.

... would like to make some complementary considerations regarding COVID-19, melatonin, sleep deprivation and lung tissue. We know that during sleep there is production of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines, however, production of inflammatory cytokines is observed in sleep deprivation. In the experimental study by Nunes et al. [2] , it was possible to demonstrate ...

Ref: Correspondence COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment [Life Sciences, 2020-07-15]

Sleep affects immunity. This happens through the regulation of immunological markers and their cells.

... books "Oxford textbook of sleep disorders", "Cellular and molecular immunology", and "Treaty of Infectology". RESULTS: Sleep affects immunity. This happens through the regulation of immunological markers and their cells. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic can promote sleep disturbances and harm the immune system function. CONCLUSION: ...

Ref: Sleep and immunity in times of COVID-19 [Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 2020]

Poor sleep quality is a common concern and a troublesome symptom among patients suffering from fibromyalgia.

... Poor sleep quality is a common concern and a troublesome symptom among patients suffering from fibromyalgia. The purpose of this review was to identify and describe the available patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) of sleep quality validated in adult people diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The COSMIN and ...

Ref: Patient Reported Outcome Measures of Sleep Quality in Fibromyalgia: A COSMIN Systematic Review. [International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020-04-26]

16,245 individuals responded regarding sleep disturbances, COVID-19-fear, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7).

... burden of the German public over a period of 50 days after the COVID-19 outbreak. 16,245 individuals responded regarding sleep disturbances, COVID-19-fear, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7). Data were put in relation to infection rates, number of deaths and the German stock ...

Ref: Sleep disturbances, fear, and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 shut down phase in Germany: relation to infection rates, deaths, and German stock index DAX [Sleep Med, 2020]

Novel approaches, such as telemedicine, may play an important role in the management of patients with SDB during the COVID-19 pandemic.

... In this context, sleep medicine practices are entering a new era and need to adapt rapidly to these circumstances, so as to provide the best care for patients with SDB. Novel approaches, such as telemedicine, may play an important role in the management of patients with SDB during the COVID-19 pandemic. ...

Ref: Sleep medicine and COVID-19. Has a new era begun? [Sleep Med, 2020]

Good quality sleep can help improve immunity to viral infection [8] .

... of mental health and sleep on immunity have been shown by previous studies [7] . Good quality sleep can help improve immunity to viral infection [8] . Therefore, mental health and sleep quality are important considerations in the population of people who ...

Ref: Social Capital and Sleep Quality in Individuals Who Self-Isolated for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in January 2020 in China [Med Sci Monit, 2020-03-20]

A higher serum concentration of these cytokines in patients in intensive care units corroborates this possible relationship [6] .

... storm, also seen in SARS, which is responsible to generate the systemic inflammation [5] . A higher serum concentration of these cytokines in patients in intensive care units corroborates this possible relationship [6] . The severity of the clinical presentation also appears to be related to the underlying diseases, ...

Ref: Possible sequelae in post-SARS-CoV-2 patients: effects on sleep and general health condition [Sleep Breath, 2020-07-22]

Data were collected from 7,236 participants assessed with anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep .

... Abstract We aimed to assess the Chinese mental health burden during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 7,236 participants assessed with anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep . The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms, sleep quality were 35.1%, 20.1%, 18.2%, respectively. Younger ...

Ref: Chinese mental health burden during the COVID-19 pandemic [Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020-06-30]

sleep was a significant moderating factor in the relationship between occupational stress, or organizational justice, and anxiety

... 4 for anxiety, OR = 3 5;95%CI = 2 0–6 0 for depression) In cases, sleep was a significant moderating factor in the relationship between occupational stress, or organizational justice, and anxiety The early diagnosis of COVID-19 in health care workers, must consider, in addition to respiratory ...

Ref: Symptoms in Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic. A Cross-Sectional Survey [International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020]

The coronavirus pandemic presented a unique opportunity to study the daily temporal patterns and sleep habits of humans.

... BACKGROUND: The coronavirus pandemic presented a unique opportunity to study the daily temporal patterns and sleep habits of humans. The question to be explored was: Are there discernible differences in sleep between the normal operational environment and the stay-at-home condition? METHODS: This international prospective study analyzed results from ...

Ref: Owls and larks do not exist: COVID-19 quarantine sleep habits [Sleep medicine, 2020]

General immunity is impaired by anxiety and sleep deprivation. Melatonin improves sleep habits, reduces anxiety and stimulates immunity.

... melatonin. Coronavirus causes inflammation in the lungs which requires inflammasome activity. Melatonin blocks these inflammasomes. General immunity is impaired by anxiety and sleep deprivation. Melatonin improves sleep habits, reduces anxiety and stimulates immunity. Fibrosis may be the most dangerous complication after COVID-19. Melatonin is known to prevent fibrosis. ...

Ref: Can melatonin reduce the severity of COVID-19 pandemic? [International reviews of immunology, 2020-04-29]

we did speculatively suggest that high-dose melatonin could interfere with immunopathological pathways that are thought to intensify severity

... of delirium or sleep disturbance" [1] . Based on its well-established anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory properties, we did speculatively suggest that high-dose melatonin could interfere with immunopathological pathways that are thought to intensify severity in some COVID-19 patients. Of note, melatonin was validated by enrichment analyses of drug-gene signatures ...

Ref: Reply to 'Delirium, sleep, COVID-19 and melatonin' [Sleep Med, 2020-05-25]

The challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic become amplified in the setting of non-intubated patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

... The challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic become amplified in the setting of non-intubated patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Unlike the closed system that characterizes an intubated patient attached to a respiratory circuit, non-invasive ventilatory support threatens an increased risk of permeating the clinical workspace with airborne viral particles. ...

Ref: A COVID-19 Conundrum: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) [Anesth Analg, 2020-06-02]

The COVID-19 lockdown is associated with changes in sleep schedule and in the quantity and quality of night-time sleep.

... Sleep quality deteriorated across groups. Reductions in sleep duration were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown is associated with changes in sleep schedule and in the quantity and quality of night-time sleep. Although these changes are associated with elevated rates of emotional symptoms, it is unclear from ...

Ref: Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown [Indian J. Psychiatry, 2020]

The COVID-19 outbreak-associated events correlate with decreased sleep quality in association with an increase in negative mood.

... negative mood (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the ESS or SATED. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 outbreak-associated events correlate with decreased sleep quality in association with an increase in negative mood. Considering the importance of sleep for a healthy life, and in particular for immune function, ...

Ref: Decrease in sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak [Sleep breath, 2020]

Sleep disturbance impairs innate and adaptive immune responses and activates inflammation,

... al., 2015) ; indeed, sleep and immunity are bidirectionally linked (Besedovsky et al., 2019) . Sleep disturbance impairs innate and adaptive immune responses and activates inflammation, with an increase in circulating inflammatory cytokines due to disruption of the circadian rhythms (Haack ...

Ref: Poor-sleep is associated with slow recovery from lymphopenia and an increased need for ICU care in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study [Brain Behav Immun, 2020-06-06]

For most people, work is inextricably linked with home life and with the amount, timing and quality of sleep.

... For most people, work is inextricably linked with home life and with the amount, timing and quality of sleep. While the recent novel coronavirus pandemic changed work practices for many months for billions of people, this global change had already started with more and more people working at home, ...

Ref: Bidirectional Relationships of Sleep and Work [Sleep Health, 2020-05-12]

Cytokines, small proteins that modulate immune responses, have been directly implicated in some of the severe responses seen in COVID-19 patients,

... for avian influenza, has caused infection with some clinical similarities to those in COVID-19 infections. Cytokines, small proteins that modulate immune responses, have been directly implicated in some of the severe responses seen in COVID-19 patients, e.g. cytokine storms. Understanding the immune processes related to COVID-19, and other similar infections, could ...

Ref: A consideration of publication-derived immune-related associations in Coronavirus and related lung damaging diseases [J Transl Med, 2020]

The present work investigated how COVID-19 impacted the sleep health of Americans during the first couple weeks of the pandemic declaration ( Figure 1 ).

... The present work investigated how COVID-19 impacted the sleep health of Americans during the first couple weeks of the pandemic declaration ( Figure 1 ). This question has translational health implications: Poorer sleep quality is associated with increased susceptibility to viral infections [8] , reduced efficacy of vaccinations [9] , and worsened mental health [10] ...

Ref: Sleep Health Early in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in the United States: Integrating Longitudinal, Cross-Sectional, and Retrospective Recall Data [Sleep Med, 2020-06-27]

Improving our understanding of the neurobiology of corona viruses could augment our knowledge of sleep disorders with potential viral association.

... with sleep disorders remains to be characterized. Further studies would be urgently needed for a comprehensive understanding of the neurological pathology of COVID-19 and its effects on the nervous system. Improving our understanding of the neurobiology of corona viruses could augment our knowledge of sleep disorders with potential viral association. ...

Ref: COVID-19-associated sleep disorders: A case report [Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms, 2020-09-12]

provide evidence for adequate interventions.

... of nursing interns in collective isolation during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and provide evidence for adequate interventions. METHODS We surveyed a total of 95 nursing interns who were isolated collectively in a ...

Ref: [Psychological status and sleep quality of nursing interns during the outbreak of COVID-19]. [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University, 2020-03-30]

CONCLUSION Sleep exercises a direct influence on immunity maintenance and immunological response.

... cells. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic can promote sleep disturbances and harm the immune system function. CONCLUSION Sleep exercises a direct influence on immunity maintenance and immunological response. Circadian rhythm alterations, associated with the psychological problems imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic compromise the ...

Ref: Sleep and immunity in times of COVID-19. [Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira, 2020]

As a response to clinical observations that the pervasive stress and social/environmental disruptions from the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic have also impacted sleep,

... OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: As a response to clinical observations that the pervasive stress and social/environmental disruptions from the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic have also impacted sleep, the Society of Behavioral Sleep Medicine (SBSM) convened the COVID-19 Task Force with goals to identify and disseminate information that could be useful in addressing sleep concerns during this ...

Ref: The Society of Behavioral Sleep Medicine (SBSM) COVID-19 Task Force: Objectives and Summary Recommendations for Managing Sleep during a Pandemic [Behav Sleep Med, 2020]

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of sleep disturbances during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic.

... pandemic is a large-scale public health emergency that likely precipitated sleep disturbances in the community. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of sleep disturbances during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This web-based cross-sectional study recruited 1138 Hong Kong adults using convenience sampling over a ...

Ref: Prevalence of sleep disturbances during COVID-19 outbreak in an urban Chinese population: a cross-sectional study [Sleep Med, 2020]

to investigate if change in physical activity (PA) level during the lockdown moderates the association between mental health and sleep disturbances.

... physically active adults during the Norwegian lockdown caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to investigate if change in physical activity (PA) level during the lockdown moderates the association between mental health and sleep disturbances. METHODS: Members of a Norwegian fitness association were invited to fill out an online questionnaire ...

Ref: Mental health and sleep disturbances in physically active adults during the COVID-19 lockdown in Norway: does change in physical activity level matter? [Sleep medicine, 2020]

Immune system processes and functionalities are organized as circadian rhythms, and they are also strongly influenced by sleep status.

... sometimes chronic sleep deprivation plus acute and sometimes chronic disruption of the circadian time structure. Immune system processes and functionalities are organized as circadian rhythms, and they are also strongly influenced by sleep status. Sleep is a vital behavioral state of living beings and a modulator of immune function ...

Ref: Does the compromised sleep and circadian disruption of night and shiftworkers make them highly vulnerable to 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)? [Chronobiol Int, 2020]

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its related factors among employees who returned to work during the COVID-19 pandemic.

... (COVID-19) pandemic is a severe global crisis which has resulted in many public health problems. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its related factors among employees who returned to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Our online cross-sectional study included 2,410 participants aged ≥17 years in Deqing and Taizhou, ...

Ref: Prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among Chinese returning workers during the COVID-19 pandemic [Sleep Med, 2020]

These adverse effects may be alleviated by exposure to natural daylight as well as physical exercise.

... due to more work being accomplished from home. However, this unprecedented situation also led to a significant increase in self-perceived burden, which was attendant to the decrease in sleep quality. These adverse effects may be alleviated by exposure to natural daylight as well as physical exercise. ...

Ref: Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on human sleep and rest-activity rhythms [Curr Biol, 2020]

Mobility restrictions imposed to suppress coronavirus transmission can alter physical activity (PA) and sleep patterns.

... Mobility restrictions imposed to suppress coronavirus transmission can alter physical activity (PA) and sleep patterns. Characterization of response heterogeneity and their underlying reasons may assist in tailoring customized interventions. We obtained wearable data covering baseline, incremental movement restriction and lockdown periods from 1824 city-dwelling, working ...

Ref: COVID-19 Related Mobility Reduction: Heterogenous Effects on Sleep and Physical Activity Rhythms [Curr Biol, 2020-06-03]

COVID-19 and state-ordered home isolation was associated with higher anxiety and reduced sleep quality,

... change (36 ± 2 a.u., p = 0.002) or increased (36 ± 2 a.u., p < 0.001) sleep quality. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 and state-ordered home isolation was associated with higher anxiety and reduced sleep quality, with a stronger association in women with respect to anxiety. ...

Ref: Sex differences in self-report anxiety and sleep quality during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders [Biol Sex Differ, 2020]

Sleep durations was a mediator between exposures and mental health problems.

... sleep durations, being in their graduating year (4th year) and living in severely afflicted areas. Sleep durations was a mediator between exposures and mental health problems. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 could be serious. Psychological ...

Ref: Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students [J Affect Disord, 2020]

Sleep is a vital behavioral state of living beings and a modulator of immune function and responsiveness.

... functionalities are organized as circadian rhythms, and they are also strongly influenced by sleep status. Sleep is a vital behavioral state of living beings and a modulator of immune function and responsiveness. Shiftworkers show increased risk for developing viral infections due to possible compromise of both innate ...

Ref: Does the compromised sleep and circadian disruption of night and shiftworkers make them highly vulnerable to 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)? [Chronobiol Int, 2020]

Sleep deprivation, long shifts and insomnia in hospital staff have been associated with individual, organizational and public health hazards.

... outbreak. The stressors they experience may induce sleep problems in a population already at risk. Sleep deprivation, long shifts and insomnia in hospital staff have been associated with individual, organizational and public health hazards. These include increased risk of mental and somatic disorders, altered immune responses, medical errors, misunderstandings, ...

Ref: Caring for the carers: Advice for dealing with sleep problems of hospital staff during the COVID-19 outbreak [J Sleep Res, 2020]

A single night of sleep deprivation can produce significant mood disturbances and lower immune defenses.

... involved in emotion regulation (Goldstein and Walker 2014) and in immune functions (Irwin 2019) . A single night of sleep deprivation can produce significant mood disturbances and lower immune defenses. Chronic insomnia and prolonged sleep loss increase risks of long-term adverse consequences for mental (depression, ...

Ref: Sleep and circadian rhythm in response to the COVID-19 pandemic [Can J Public Health, 2020-07-22]

Obesity is associated with several defects in cell-mediated immunity including increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

... of the pharynx can increase inspiratory resistance. Also, obesity may be associated with sleep apnea. Obesity is associated with several defects in cell-mediated immunity including increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Impaired adipocyte-mediated immune function results in chronically high leptin levels and low adiponectin levels and ...

Ref: Susceptibility of obese population to COVID-19 [Int J Infect Dis, 2020-10-09]

Understanding the mental health response after a public health emergency might help HCWs and communities prepare for a population's response to disaster.

... PTSSs through sleep quality (coefficient = 1.750, 95% CI of Boostroop test = 0.543-2.998). In summary, targeted interventions on sleep contribute to the mental recovery during the outbreak of COVID-19. Understanding the mental health response after a public health emergency might help HCWs and communities prepare for a population"s response to disaster. ...

Ref: cord_uid 7sxzigf2 Posttraumatic stress symptoms of health care w... 7sxzigf2 Posttraumatic stress symptoms of health care w... Name: title, dtype: object [Int J Infect Dis, cord_uid 7sxzigf2 2020 7sxzigf2 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]

Vitamin D inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNFα) by monocytes.

... Vitamin D inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNFα) by monocytes. It was suggested that vitamin D could play a significant role in reducing the risk of COVID-19 [23] but also potential severe outcomes of COVID-19 [24] . It is recommended ...

Ref: The COVID-19 pandemic: how to maintain a healthy immune system during the lockdown – a multidisciplinary approach with special focus on athletes [Biol Sport, 2020-05-19]