¿Qué factores influyen en la duración de la protección y la inmunidad a sars-cov-2?
(What factors influence the duration of protection and immunity to sars-cov-2?)
Primeras 5 respuestas:
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the percentage of the immune population, the length and effectiveness of the immune response and the stability of the viral epitopes.
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exposure to other coronaviruses (CoVs), or overall higher capability to develop immunity against respiratory pathogens,
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Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies,
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IF was found to impact immunity by changing different related elements, including oxidative stress and inflammation, metabolism, body weight, and body composition.
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different durations of effective immunity could have important consequences for the prevalence of an epidemic disease with COVID-19 characteristics.
the percentage of the immune population, the length and effectiveness of the immune response and the stability of the viral epitopes.
... Effective herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 will be determined on many factors: the percentage of the immune population, the length and effectiveness of the immune response and the stability of the viral epitopes. The required percentage of immune individuals has been estimated to be 50–66% of the population which, given the current ...
Ref: Long-term and herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2: implications from current and past knowledge [Pathog Dis, 2020-06-08]exposure to other coronaviruses (CoVs), or overall higher capability to develop immunity against respiratory pathogens,
... this infection. Among the hypotheses to explain the heterogeneity of symptoms is the possibility that exposure to other coronaviruses (CoVs), or overall higher capability to develop immunity against respiratory pathogens, may influence the evolution of immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Thus, we profiled the immune response across ...
Ref: Evolution of Early SARS-CoV-2 and Cross-Coronavirus Immunity [MSphere, 2020]Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies,
... Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but it is uncertain whether these confer immunity We describe viral RNA shedding duration in hospitalized patients and identify patients with recurrent shedding We sequenced viruses from two distinct episodes ...
Ref: Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and Failure of Humoral Immunity: a case report [medRxiv, 2020]IF was found to impact immunity by changing different related elements, including oxidative stress and inflammation, metabolism, body weight, and body composition.
... model of Ramadan affect the various aspects related to the body"s immunity against microbial infections. IF was found to impact immunity by changing different related elements, including oxidative stress and inflammation, metabolism, body weight, and body composition. Dietary and lifestyle modifications during Ramadan month and their impact on immunity, such as water ...
Ref: Ramadan intermittent fasting and immunity: An important topic in the era of COVID-19 [Ann Thorac Med, 2020]different durations of effective immunity could have important consequences for the prevalence of an epidemic disease with COVID-19 characteristics.
... A series of spreadsheet simulations using SEIS, SEIR, and SEIRS models showed that different durations of effective immunity could have important consequences for the prevalence of an epidemic disease with COVID-19 characteristics. Immunity that lasted four weeks, twelve weeks, six months, one year, and two years was tested with ...
Ref: The Influence of Time-Limited Immunity on a COVID-19 Epidemic: A Simulation Study [Ann Thorac Med, 2020-06-29]These dynamics will depend on seasonality, the duration of immunity, and the strength of cross-immunity to/from the other human coronaviruses.
... need to project how transmission of the novel betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 will unfold in coming years. These dynamics will depend on seasonality, the duration of immunity, and the strength of cross-immunity to/from the other human coronaviruses. Using data from the United States, we measured how these factors affect transmission of human ...
Ref: Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the post-pandemic period [Ann Thorac Med, 2020-03-06]CD8+ T cells are critical for the elimination and long-lasting protection of many viral infections,
... CD8+ T cells are critical for the elimination and long-lasting protection of many viral infections, but their role in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is unclear. Emerging data indicates that SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells are detectable in the majority of individuals recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, ...
Ref: Ex vivo detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells: rapid induction, prolonged contraction, and formation of functional memory [bioRxiv, 2020-08-14]After the infection of the virus, the host immune system is stimulated to produce multifarious specific antibodies to decrease or eliminate effects of the pathogen.
... COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. After the infection of the virus, the host immune system is stimulated to produce multifarious specific antibodies to decrease or eliminate effects of the pathogen. Study of the specific antibodies dynamic characteristics in patients with COVID-19 is very important for the understanding and diagnosis of the ...
Ref: [Progress in research of specific antibody dynamic characteristics in patients with COVID-19] [Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi, 2020]Insights from infections with the four seasonal human coronaviruses might reveal common characteristics applicable to all human coronaviruses.
... question in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the duration of acquired immunity. Insights from infections with the four seasonal human coronaviruses might reveal common characteristics applicable to all human coronaviruses. We monitored healthy individuals for more than 35 years and determined that reinfection with the ...
Ref: Seasonal coronavirus protective immunity is short-lasting. [Nature medicine, 2020-09-14]Factors, such as race and socioeconomic status, influence the health care that people access and the treatment they receive.
... As frequently noted, such unequal experiences are not new. Factors, such as race and socioeconomic status, influence the health care that people access and the treatment they receive. [61] [62] [63] Yet, this issue is rarely interpreted as a reason to remove health-care treatments or refuse to introduce new ...
Ref: The scientific and ethical feasibility of immunity passports [Lancet Infect Dis, 2020-10-16]salient features of the immune response elicited by natural infection or vaccination are still uncertain.
... trajectory of the Covid-19 pandemic hinges on the dynamics of adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV2; however, salient features of the immune response elicited by natural infection or vaccination are still uncertain. We use simple epidemiological models to explore estimates for the magnitude and timing of future ...
Ref: Immune life history, vaccination, and the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 over the next 5 years [Science (Wash.), 2020]Delineating immune memory typically requires longitudinal serological studies that track antibody prevalence in the same cohort for an extended time.
... The duration of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is uncertain. Delineating immune memory typically requires longitudinal serological studies that track antibody prevalence in the same cohort for an extended time. However, this information is needed in faster timescales. Notably, the dynamics of an epidemic where recovered patients become immune for any period ...
Ref: Evidence for immunity to SARS-CoV-2 from epidemiological data series [Science (Wash.), 2020-07-24]Gender influences clinical presentations, duration and severity of symptoms, and therapy outcome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
... Gender influences clinical presentations, duration and severity of symptoms, and therapy outcome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Whether the immune response to Tα1 treatment for SARS-CoV-2 differs between the sexes, and whether this difference explains the male susceptibility to COVID-19, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate ...
Ref: Gender-Associated Difference following COVID-19 virus infection: Implications for Thymosin alpha-1 Therapy [Int Immunopharmacol, 2020-09-18]Whether antibodies are important for the adaptive immune responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection needs to be determined.
... acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has spread worldwide. Whether antibodies are important for the adaptive immune responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection needs to be determined. Here, 26 cases of COVID‐19 in Jinan, China, were examined and shown to be mild ...
Ref: Long‐term coexistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 with antibody response in COVID‐19 patients [J Med Virol, 2020-05-05]Additional interventions, including expanded critical care capacity and an effective therapeutic, would improve the success of intermittent distancing and hasten the acquisition of herd immunity.
... are exceeded. To avoid this, prolonged or intermittent social distancing may be necessary into 2022. Additional interventions, including expanded critical care capacity and an effective therapeutic, would improve the success of intermittent distancing and hasten the acquisition of herd immunity. Longitudinal serological studies are urgently needed to determine the extent and duration of immunity to ...
Ref: Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period [Science, 2020]Whether antibodies are important for the adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infection needs to be determined.
... acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide. Whether antibodies are important for the adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infection needs to be determined. Here, 26 cases of COVID-19 in Jinan, China, were examined and shown to be mild ...
Ref: Long-term coexistence of SARS-CoV-2 with antibody response in COVID-19 patients [J. med. virol, 2020]By testing the duration of cessation of BCG vaccination against COVID-19 mortality in this work , we are looking for the link by different design.
... share the design of testing the BCG vaccination practices against morbidity and moratlity 9 . By testing the duration of cessation of BCG vaccination against COVID-19 mortality in this work , we are looking for the link by different design. The hypothesis in this study is the waning effect of vaccination as far as, the ...
Ref: Impact of Duration of Cessation of Mass BCG Vaccination Programs on Covid -19 Mortality [J. med. virol, 2020-08-23]There is an urgent need to investigate how the adaptive immunity is established in COVID-19 patients.
... Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected more than eight million people. There is an urgent need to investigate how the adaptive immunity is established in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we profiled adaptive immune cells of PBMCs from recovered COVID-19 patients with ...
Ref: Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe versus mild individuals. [Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2020-08-14]Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but it is uncertain whether these confer immunity.
... Recovery from COVID-19 is associated with production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but it is uncertain whether these confer immunity. We describe viral RNA shedding duration in hospitalized patients and identify patients with recurrent shedding. We sequenced viruses from two distinct episodes of symptomatic COVID-19 separated by 140 days in ...
Ref: Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and Failure of Humoral Immunity: a case report. [medRxiv, 2020-09-25]The ability to establish herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 hinges on the assumption that infection with the virus generates sufficient, protective immunity.
... The ability to establish herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 hinges on the assumption that infection with the virus generates sufficient, protective immunity. At present, the extent to which humans are able to generate sterilizing immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is unclear. A recent study assessing the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a small cohort ...
Ref: Herd Immunity: Understanding COVID-19 [Immunity, 2020-05-19]Early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity were evaluated.
... SARS-CoV-2 positive confirmed to the day SARS-CoV-2 returned to negative in these 137 COVID-19 patients. Early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity were evaluated. FINDINGS: The median SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity duration is 12 days (range: 4 days ~ 45 ...
Ref: Early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity in COVID-19 patients [Immunity, 2020]Host antiviral immune status including immune cells and cytokines can play critical roles in virus clearance and outcome of infectious diseases [14] .
... eosinophils, levels of cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 were markedly related to the viral positivity duration. Host antiviral immune status including immune cells and cytokines can play critical roles in virus clearance and outcome of infectious diseases [14] . Immune cells CD8+ T cells and eosinophils have been reported to be critical for viral ...
Ref: Early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity in COVID-19 patients [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-04-27]the extent and nature of cross-reactivity of immune responses are variables that can influence the near and long-term trajectory of the current pandemic 3 .
... coronavirus family that also includes the common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63, the extent and nature of cross-reactivity of immune responses are variables that can influence the near and long-term trajectory of the current pandemic 3 . such as the lung or URT 12 . T CM /T EM cells respond more ...
Ref: Cross-reactive memory T cells and herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 [Nat Rev Immunol, 2020-10-06]Other factors such as co-morbidities, advanced age, sex or the size of the naive T cell repertoire
... CD4 + T cell memory does not explain all differences observed for COVID-19 disease severity, under any model. Other factors such as co-morbidities, advanced age, sex or the size of the naive T cell repertoire play important roles in modulating COVID-19 disease severity 41, 45, 46 . ...
Ref: Cross-reactive memory T cells and herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 [Nat Rev Immunol, 2020-10-06]Cellular immunity and neutralizing antibodies are important in protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2.
... Cellular immunity and neutralizing antibodies are important in protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2. There is a need to develop ELISAs to be able to quantify the level of anti-RBD antibodies and its correlation with the level of neutralizing antibodies providing protection from re-infection. ...
Ref: Protective Adaptive Immunity Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Implications for Vaccines [Cureus, 2020-06-01]Potential risk factors were identified and should be taken into consideration for the strategy of quarantining infected patients.
... of viral shedding. CONCLUSIONS: This study, with a relatively large sample size, focused on the duration of viral shedding and related factors in patients with COVID-19, outside of Wuhan, China. Potential risk factors were identified and should be taken into consideration for the strategy of quarantining infected patients. ...
Ref: cord_uid hcnu99ox Factors associated with the duration of viral ... hcnu99ox Factors associated with the duration of viral ... Name: title, dtype: object [Cureus, cord_uid hcnu99ox 2020 hcnu99ox 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]Diet, environmental factors and genetics play an important role in shaping gut microbiota which can influence immunity.
... articulated. It is also known that respiratory virus infection causes perturbations in the gut microbiota. Diet, environmental factors and genetics play an important role in shaping gut microbiota which can influence immunity. Gut microbiota diversity is decreased in old age and Covid-19 has been mainly fatal in ...
Ref: Gut microbiota and Covid-19- possible link and implications [Virus Res, 2020]Inherent Immunity developed by traditional food habit, exposure to various antigens and vitamin D induced sunlight exposure.
... reed which induce overwhelming outbreak all over the world since November 2019 to till date. Inherent Immunity developed by traditional food habit, exposure to various antigens and vitamin D induced sunlight exposure. Meteorological parameters are the important factors which influencing the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) like ...
Ref: Sub-continental Atmosphere and Inherent Immune System may have Impact on Novel Corona Virus' 2019 (nCovid-19) Prevalence in South East Asia. [Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ, 2020-04-01]Active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract for the first days of infection open a new perspective in immunological strategies to counteract viral pathogenicity.
... Mounting evidence supports the importance of mucosal immunity in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract for the first days of infection open a new perspective in immunological strategies to counteract viral pathogenicity. An effective mucosal innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 paves the way to an also effective adaptative ...
Ref: Oromucosal immunomodulation as clinical spectrum mitigating factor in SARS-CoV-2 infection. [Scandinavian journal of immunology, 2020-09-06]Active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract for the first days of infection opens a new perspective in immunological strategies to counteract viral pathogenicity.
... Mounting evidence supports the importance of mucosal immunity in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract for the first days of infection opens a new perspective in immunological strategies to counteract viral pathogenicity. An effective mucosal innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 paves the way to an also effective adaptive ...
Ref: Oromucosal immunomodulation as clinical spectrum mitigating factor in SARS-CoV-2 infection [Scand J Immunol, 2020]The main concern is the ability of immunosuppressed patients to generate sufficient immunity for antiviral protection.
... The optimal management in transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains uncertain. The main concern is the ability of immunosuppressed patients to generate sufficient immunity for antiviral protection. Here, we report on immune monitoring facilitating a successful outcome of severe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ...
Ref: Immune monitoring facilitates the clinical decision in multifocal COVID-19 of a pancreas-kidney transplant patient [Am. j. transplant, 2020]Given that inflammatory immune cells may induce severe lung injury, the involvement of immune factors in the pathogenesis of the disease cannot be overestimated.
... disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious respiratory-related disease induced by the newly emerged virus SARS-CoV-2. Given that inflammatory immune cells may induce severe lung injury, the involvement of immune factors in the pathogenesis of the disease cannot be overestimated. It has been demonstrated that coronaviruses (CoVs) have developed mechanisms of immune evasion, making them ...
Ref: Dysregulation of the immune system as a driver of the critical course of the novel coronavirus disease 2019. [Polish archives of internal medicine, 2020-07-06]Studies suggest that HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1 confer protective immunity that lasts less than a year,
... will respond to SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, data from similar HCoVs may provide an estimated range. Studies suggest that HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1 confer protective immunity that lasts less than a year, whereas immunity to SARS-CoV-2 may last much longer [24, 25] . To model immunity, the ...
Ref: Significant relaxation of SARS-CoV-2-targeted non-pharmaceutical interventions may result in profound mortality: A New York state modelling study [PLoS One, 2020-09-24]The presence or absence of protective immunity due to infection or vaccination (when available) will affect future transmission and illness severity.
... immune response that protects individuals from future infections or illness for some amount of time. The presence or absence of protective immunity due to infection or vaccination (when available) will affect future transmission and illness severity. Here, we review the scientific literature on antibody immunity to coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 as well ...
Ref: A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: kinetics, correlates of protection, and association with severity [Nat Commun, 2020]In this review, we systematically searched and summarized the evidence on the immune response and reinfection rate following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
... In this review, we systematically searched and summarized the evidence on the immune response and reinfection rate following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also retrieved studies on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV to assess the long-term duration of antibody responses. A protocol based on Cochrane rapid review methodology was adhered to and databases were ...
Ref: Immune response following infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A rapid review [Rev Med Virol, 2020]The magnitude and persistence of antibody responses are critical for assessing the duration of immunity.
... acid tests (NATs) for diagnosis and for determining the prevalence of COVID-19 in population serosurveys. The magnitude and persistence of antibody responses are critical for assessing the duration of immunity. METHODS: A SARS-CoV-2-specific immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) assay for IgG, IgA and IgM was developed, and ...
Ref: The antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection [Open Forum Infect Dis, 2020-08-27]Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO-SD) are often treated with immunosuppressants.
... 2019, a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) due to an agent called SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly worldwide. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO-SD) are often treated with immunosuppressants. Beyond their effect on the risk of COVID-19 infection, the consequences on the long-term immune ...
Ref: Beyond COVID-19: do MS/NMO-SD patients treated with anti-CD20 therapies develop SARS-CoV2 antibodies ? [Mult Scler Relat Disord, 2020-09-03]however, salient features of the immune response elicited by natural infection or vaccination are still uncertain.
... future trajectory of the Covid-19 pandemic hinges on the dynamics of adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV2; however, salient features of the immune response elicited by natural infection or vaccination are still uncertain. We use simple epidemiological models to explore estimates for the magnitude and timing of future ...
Ref: Immune life history, vaccination, and the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 over the next 5 years. [Science, 2020-09-21]An appropriate immune response mediates protection, whereas an overwhelming immune response has been associated with immune-mediated pathogenesis in viral infections.
... Background: The efficacy of the humoral and cellular immunity determines the outcome of viral infections. An appropriate immune response mediates protection, whereas an overwhelming immune response has been associated with immune-mediated pathogenesis in viral infections. The current study explored the general and SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular and humoral immune status in ...
Ref: A possible role of immunopathogenesis in COVID-19 progression [Science, 2020-05-02]The nature and longevity of the antibody response to coronaviruses are relevant to the potency and duration of vaccine-induced immunity.
... monoclonal antibodies from COVID-19 patients provide additional information on what vaccines should try to elicit. The nature and longevity of the antibody response to coronaviruses are relevant to the potency and duration of vaccine-induced immunity. We summarize the immunogenicity of leading vaccine candidates tested to date in animals and humans ...
Ref: cord_uid vd2a6uof COVID-19 Vaccines: "Warp Speed" Needs Mind Mel... vd2a6uof COVID-19 Vaccines: "Warp Speed" Needs Mind Mel... Name: title, dtype: object [Science, cord_uid vd2a6uof 2020 vd2a6uof 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]Epidemiological and immunological factors, such as population structure, variation in transmission dynamics between populations, and waning immunity,
... the outbreak will decline. However, in real-world populations, the situation is often much more complex. Epidemiological and immunological factors, such as population structure, variation in transmission dynamics between populations, and waning immunity, will lead to variation in the extent of indirect protection conferred by herd immunity. Consequently, ...
Ref: Herd Immunity: Understanding COVID-19 [Immunity, 2020-05-19]These results suggest caution in using serological testing to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population.
... rapid decline in antibody titers and in pro-inflammatory cytokines may be a common feature of non-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that antibody-mediated protection against re-infection with SARS-CoV-2 is of short duration. These results suggest caution in using serological testing to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population. ...
Ref: Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Convalescent Health Care Workers. [Journal of clinical medicine, 2020-10-01]early risk factors including clinical and laboratory data for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity were evaluated in 137 COVID-19 patients.
In this prospective study, early risk factors including clinical and laboratory data for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity were evaluated in 137 COVID-19 patients.
Ref: Early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity in COVID-19 patients [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-04-27]The effectual host immune response including innate and adaptive immunity against SARS-Cov-2 seems crucial to control and resolve the viral infection.
... membrane, nucleocapsid and spike proteins that are responsible for the viral infectivity, and nonstructural proteins. The effectual host immune response including innate and adaptive immunity against SARS-Cov-2 seems crucial to control and resolve the viral infection. However, the severity and outcome of the COVID-19 might be associated with the excessive production ...
Ref: COVID-19, immune system response, hyperinflammation and repurposing antirheumatic drugs [Turk J Med Sci, 2020]Certain fermented foods and probiotics may deliver viable microbes with the potential to promote gut immunity.
... therapies is on the run, nutritional strategies to promote immunity against SARS-CoV-2, are being discussed. Certain fermented foods and probiotics may deliver viable microbes with the potential to promote gut immunity. Prebiotics, on their side, may enhance gut immunity by selectively stimulating certain resident microbes in ...
Ref: Potential contribution of beneficial microbes to face the COVID-19 pandemic [Food Res Int, 2020]In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity was associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization.
... using modified Poisson regression. RESULTS: Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity was associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (spearman"s rho=0.386;p&0.001), than with ...
Ref: SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors [J. infect. dis, 2020]age, race, ethnicity, sex, body-mass index, and smoking status
... It is important to understand whether, and how, other factors (eg, age, race, ethnicity, sex, body-mass index, and smoking status ) might influence serological and immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In a cohort of 20 patients with COVID-19, S1-specific ...
Ref: SARS-CoV-2 immunity: review and applications to phase 3 vaccine candidates [Lancet, 2020-10-13]The lack of data to determine an anamnestic immune response,
... follow-up times should be obtained to demonstrate the duration of humoral immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The lack of data to determine an anamnestic immune response, such as tests for SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells, memory T cells, and specific cytokine-dependent memory ...
Ref: Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-08-03]including the correlation between serological test results and risk of reinfection.
... as a tool to better understand SARS-CoV-2 infection and (2) conducting crucial serology field studies to advance an understanding of immunity to SARS-CoV-2, leading to protection and duration of protection, including the correlation between serological test results and risk of reinfection. ...
Ref: The COVID-19 Serology Studies Workshop: Recommendations and Challenges [Immunity, 2020]Anti-CD20 antibodies are used in a variety of haematological malignancies to achieve B-cell depletion,
... context of SARS-CoV-2 infections are unknown, especially where respiratory compromise is mediated via tissue hyperinflammation. Anti-CD20 antibodies are used in a variety of haematological malignancies to achieve B-cell depletion, potentially impacting generation of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Glucocorticoids are often used for cancer patients, ...
Ref: Cancer, COVID-19, and antiviral immunity: the CAPTURE study [Cell, 2020-09-03]Antiviral therapy and corticosteroid treatment were not independent factors.
... 1.81 [95% CI, 1.05-3.1]) were independent factors associated with a prolonged duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding. Antiviral therapy and corticosteroid treatment were not independent factors. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance time was associated with sex, disease severity, and lymphocyte function. The ...
Ref: cord_uid qa9tg872 Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associate... qa9tg872 Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associate... Name: title, dtype: object [Cell, cord_uid qa9tg872 2020 qa9tg872 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]age, sex, comorbidities and perception of the situation, such as risk aversion).
... for example, the factors that influence the patient"s risk of serious or lethal COVID-19 (including age, sex, comorbidities and perception of the situation, such as risk aversion). • The patient should be asked whether the disease they have or the one they ...
Ref: Neurological immunotherapy in the era of COVID-19 — looking for consensus in the literature [Nat Rev Neurol, 2020-07-08]We determined duration of SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding in symptomatic patients after remission of symptoms.
... coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in respiratory specimens after resolution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated symptoms/signs. We determined duration of SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding in symptomatic patients after remission of symptoms. We investigated the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ...
Ref: cord_uid g6ld361t Persistent severe acute respiratory syndrome c... g6ld361t Persistent severe acute respiratory syndrome c... Name: title, dtype: object [Nat Rev Neurol, cord_uid g6ld361t 2020 g6ld361t 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]Regarding SARS-CoV-2 it is well known that a substantial percentage of adult population cannot get infected if exposed to this novel coronavirus.
... Background: Regarding SARS-CoV-2 it is well known that a substantial percentage of adult population cannot get infected if exposed to this novel coronavirus. Several studies give primary indication of the possible role of preexisting immunity whether cross immunity or not. Possible role of latent TB and BCG have been already suggested to ...
Ref: Malaria Endemicity Influence on COVID -19 Mortality: New Evidence Added to BCG and TB Prevalence [Nat Rev Neurol, 2020-09-11]Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (VDD) are widely recognized as risk factors for respiratory tract infections.
... Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (VDD) are widely recognized as risk factors for respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D influences expression of many genes with well-established relevance to airway infections and relevant to immune system function. Recently, VDD has been shown to be a risk factor for ...
Ref: Vitamin D Deficiency and Air Pollution Exacerbate COVID-19 Through Suppression of Antiviral Peptide LL37 [Front. Public Health, 2020]the marked capacity of coronaviruses to employ homologous recombination in the context of coinfections.
... immunity, may be driven by the known error rates of coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, and the marked capacity of coronaviruses to employ homologous recombination in the context of coinfections. While not nearly as genetically diverse as the +ss RNA hepatitis C virus nor as ...
Ref: Certainty of success: three critical parameters in coronavirus vaccine development [NPJ Vaccines, 2020-05-25]Immunity that lasted from three months to two years produced recurrent disease outbreaks triggered by the expiration of immunity.
... of 1.5, 2.3, and 3.0. Shorter durations of immunity resulted in oscillations in disease prevalence. Immunity that lasted from three months to two years produced recurrent disease outbreaks triggered by the expiration of immunity. If immunity faded out gradually instead of persisting at full effectiveness to the end of ...
Ref: The Influence of Time-Limited Immunity on a COVID-19 Epidemic: A Simulation Study [NPJ Vaccines, 2020-06-29]Shorter durations of immunity resulted in oscillations in disease prevalence.
... year, and two years was tested with pathogen R0 values of 1.5, 2.3, and 3.0. Shorter durations of immunity resulted in oscillations in disease prevalence. Immunity that lasted from three months to two years produced recurrent disease outbreaks triggered by ...
Ref: The Influence of Time-Limited Immunity on a COVID-19 Epidemic: A Simulation Study [NPJ Vaccines, 2020-06-29]Up to phase-1 clinical trials, some vaccines showed the specific antigen-receptor T-cell response, elicit the humoral and immune response,
... targeting the spike protein (S) of COVID-19 to neutralized viral infection and develop long-lasting immunity. Up to phase-1 clinical trials, some vaccines showed the specific antigen-receptor T-cell response, elicit the humoral and immune response, displayed tight binding with human-leukocytes-antigen (HLA), and recognized specific antibodies to provoke long-lasting immunity against ...
Ref: New insights on possible vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 [Life Sci, 2020]Both humoral and cellular immune responses are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease,
... factors and immune mechanisms contribute to the deteriorating effects on the organism during SARS-CoV-2 infection Both humoral and cellular immune responses are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease, where the principal and effective immune response towards viral infection is the cell-mediated immunity The ...
Ref: Immunological aspects of COVID-19: What do we know? [World J Biol Chem, 2020]older age and the lack of LPV/r treatment correlate with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding.
... In summary, older age and the lack of LPV/r treatment correlate with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding. Earlier administration of LPV/r treatment may shorten the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding. Randomised clinical trials to determine the effectiveness of LPV/r treatment in non-critically ill patients with ...
Ref: Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding and impact of Lopinavir/Ritonavir treatment in hospitalised non-critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection [Eur Respir J, 2020-05-19]While mild cases develop an immune response that contributes to host protection, immunity of severely infected patients is a balance between harmful and protective immune responses.
... to contribute both to the pathogenesis of the disease and to protection during its resolution. While mild cases develop an immune response that contributes to host protection, immunity of severely infected patients is a balance between harmful and protective immune responses. The severity of the disease has raised many questions about the kinetic, amplitude and the ...
Ref: [Adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2]. [Medecine sciences : M/S, 2020-09-22]Uncertainty in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 may have implications for future outbreaks.
... Uncertainty in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 may have implications for future outbreaks. We use simple epidemiological models to explore estimates for the magnitude and timing of future Covid-19 cases given different impacts of the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 as well as ...
Ref: Immuno-epidemiological life-history and the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 over the next five years [Medecine sciences : M/S, 2020-07-16]The hypothesis in this study is the waning effect of vaccination as far as, the heterogeneous immunity waned with time 13 .
... COVID-19 mortality in this work , we are looking for the link by different design. The hypothesis in this study is the waning effect of vaccination as far as, the heterogeneous immunity waned with time 13 . So the primary aim of this study is supporting for previous studies through handling the ...
Ref: Impact of Duration of Cessation of Mass BCG Vaccination Programs on Covid -19 Mortality [Medecine sciences : M/S, 2020-08-23]Possible role of latent TB and BCG have been already suggested to create innate cross heterogeneous immunity.
... give primary indication of the possible role of preexisting immunity whether cross immunity or not. Possible role of latent TB and BCG have been already suggested to create innate cross heterogeneous immunity. Possible role of malaria is suggested in this paper possibly by same mechanism of protection. ...
Ref: Malaria Endemicity Influence on COVID -19 Mortality: New Evidence Added to BCG and TB Prevalence [Medecine sciences : M/S, 2020-09-11]Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.
... acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs. ...
Ref: cord_uid r6y70to9 Grundlagen der Replikation und der Immunologie... r6y70to9 Grundlagen der Replikation und der Immunologie... Name: title, dtype: object [Medecine sciences : M/S, cord_uid r6y70to9 2020 r6y70to9 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]genetic factors regulating inflammation seems to play an overarching role in COVID-19.
... risk of SARS-CoV-2. However, given an important role of genetic background in determining the pattern of inflammatory response, and a critical role of cytokines in influencing the severity of COVID-19, genetic factors regulating inflammation seems to play an overarching role in COVID-19. ...
Ref: Genetic gateways to COVID‐19 infection: Implications for risk, severity, and outcomes [FASEB J, 2020-06-11]male sex, delayed admission to hospital after illness onset, and invasive mechanical ventilation.
... Xu et al. [4] concluded the risk factors of prolonged viral RNA shedding in COVID-19 patients: male sex, delayed admission to hospital after illness onset, and invasive mechanical ventilation. These risk factors cannot explain the prolonged duration of the patient in our report. ...
Ref: Case report: one case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient co-infected by HIV with a normal CD4(+) T cell count [AIDS Res Ther, 2020-07-23]population heterogeneity can significantly impact disease-induced immunity as the proportion infected in groups with the highest contact rates is greater than in groups with low contact rates.
... pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. We show that population heterogeneity can significantly impact disease-induced immunity as the proportion infected in groups with the highest contact rates is greater than in groups with low contact rates. We estimate that if R(0) = 2.5 in an age-structured community with mixing rates fitted ...
Ref: A mathematical model reveals the influence of population heterogeneity on herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 [Science, 2020-06-23]The immune response to the virus depends on factors such as genetics, age and physical state,
... severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), became a global pandemic. The immune response to the virus depends on factors such as genetics, age and physical state, and its main input receptor is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. The practice of physical exercises ...
Ref: Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature [Clin Exp Med, 2020-07-29]Interestingly, the use of immunoglobulin may prolong the duration of viral shedding.
... identify risk factors associated with the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding ( (Table 3) . Interestingly, the use of immunoglobulin may prolong the duration of viral shedding. We found that the disease tended to be more severe in patients prescribed immunoglobulins, and ...
Ref: Clinical characteristics and factors associated with long-term viral excretion in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single center 28-day study [J Infect Dis, 2020-07-02]We observed a significant negative correlation between the frequency of peripheral blood memory B cells and the duration of symptoms for convalescent subjects.
... recovered non-hospitalized COVID-19 subjects that were enrolled as donors in a convalescent plasma treatment study. We observed a significant negative correlation between the frequency of peripheral blood memory B cells and the duration of symptoms for convalescent subjects. Memory B cell subsets in convalescent subjects were composed of classical CD24+ class-switched memory B ...
Ref: Switched and unswitched memory B cells detected during SARS-CoV-2 convalescence correlate with limited symptom duration [medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-09-05]Passive immunity by immunoglobulin transfer is a concept employed by most mammals and bovine IgG has a role to play in human therapy.
... in the protection against COVID-19 and boost the immune system of new patients was reported. Passive immunity by immunoglobulin transfer is a concept employed by most mammals and bovine IgG has a role to play in human therapy. IgG is one of the major components of the immunological activity found in cow"s milk ...
Ref: Can Drinking Microfiltered Raw Immune Milk From Cows Immunized Against SARS-CoV-2 Provide Short-Term Protection Against COVID-19? [Front Immunol, 2020]Up to phase-1 clinical trials, some vaccines showed the specific antigen-receptor T cell response, elicit the humoral and immune response,
... targeting the spike protein (S) of COVID-19 to neutralized viral infection and develop long-lasting immunity. Up to phase-1 clinical trials, some vaccines showed the specific antigen-receptor T cell response, elicit the humoral and immune response, displayed tight binding with human-leukocytes-antigen (HLA), and recognized specific antibodies to provoke long-lasting immunity against ...
Ref: New insight on possible vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 [Life Sci, 2020]Climate, population structure, social practices, pre-existing immunity and many other variables that have been explored are summarised in table 2.
... The epidemic is thus playing out differently in different contexts. Many factors might explain SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics. Climate, population structure, social practices, pre-existing immunity and many other variables that have been explored are summarised in table 2. ...
Ref: The COVID-19 pandemic: diverse contexts; different epidemics—how and why? [BMJ Glob Health, 2020-07-27]there is a lack of evidence on the long-term duration of antibody responses following infection.
... As SARS-CoV-2 was first identified in December 2019, there is a lack of evidence on the long-term duration of antibody responses following infection. Therefore, studies were also retrieved that investigated the long-term duration of immune responses to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. ...
Ref: Immune response following infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 and other coronaviruses: A rapid review [Rev Med Virol, 2020-09-23]Viral factors include virus type, mutation, viral load, viral titer, and viability of the virus in vitro.
... development of SARS-CoV-2 depend on the interaction between the virus and the individual"s immune system. Viral factors include virus type, mutation, viral load, viral titer, and viability of the virus in vitro. The individual"s immune system factors include genetics (such as HLA genes), age, gender, nutritional status, ...
Ref: Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19 [J Pharm Anal, 2020-03-05]The optimal status of specific nutrients is considered crucial to keeping immune components within their normal activity, helping to avoid and overcome infections.
... the proper functioning of the immune system to fight against infectious diseases into the spotlight. The optimal status of specific nutrients is considered crucial to keeping immune components within their normal activity, helping to avoid and overcome infections. Specifically, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) evaluated and deems six vitamins (D, A, C, ...
Ref: Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework [Nutrients, 2020]To achieve a more efficient immune response, multiple methods could be applied,
... dysfunctional immune response and their contribution to the progression of the disease have been discussed. To achieve a more efficient immune response, multiple methods could be applied, including regulation of the immune response, augmentation of the immune system against the virus, inhibition ...
Ref: Immunobiology and immunotherapy of COVID-19: A clinically updated overview. [Journal of cellular physiology, 2020-10-06]A previous study identified that sex, delayed hospital admission after illness onset and invasive mechanical ventilation were associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding.
... the temporal characteristics of viral shedding is crucial in the prevention and control of COVID-19. A previous study identified that sex, delayed hospital admission after illness onset and invasive mechanical ventilation were associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding. However, these risk factors are generally used to explain a prolonged length of several days ...
Ref: Absent immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in a 3-month recurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case [Infection, 2020-07-28]Pre-existing mitochondrial dysfunction, 507 for example due to age or disease
... a better understanding of the pathogen-host biology 506 and the development of adequate treatment strategies. Pre-existing mitochondrial dysfunction, 507 for example due to age or disease (e.g. cardiovascular disease, a prominent risk-factor of 508 COVID-19), may represent factors contributing to differential ...
Ref: Mitochondria – in the crossfire of SARS-CoV-2 and immunity [iScience, 2020-09-29]The increased susceptibility to severe disease in the elderly and individuals with co-morbidities argues for an initial defect in anti-viral host defense mechanisms.
... the majority of individuals but progresses into severe pneumonia in a small proportion of patients. The increased susceptibility to severe disease in the elderly and individuals with co-morbidities argues for an initial defect in anti-viral host defense mechanisms. Long-term boosting of innate immune responses, also termed "trained immunity," by certain live vaccines (BCG, ...
Ref: cord_uid g5ovvjc6 Trained Immunity: a Tool for Reducing Suscepti... g5ovvjc6 Trained Immunity: a Tool for Reducing Suscepti... Name: title, dtype: object [iScience, cord_uid g5ovvjc6 2020 g5ovvjc6 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]Increasing evidence indicates immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) after covid-19,
... Increasing evidence indicates immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) after covid-19, but it remains unclear for how long the protection remains Serology testing seems to have a higher sensitivity than molecular diagnostics from 8 days after onset of symtoms, and should ...
Ref: Rapid point-of-care serology testing for sars-cov-2/ Snabbtest for covid-19-antikroppar bor utforas av utbildad personal [Lakartidningen, 2020]For reasons that are poorly understood, immunity to seasonal human coronaviruses tends to be short in duration, lasting from 80 days to a few years.
... immunity to other human coronaviruses than about immunity to SARS-CoV-2, that knowledge is also sparse. For reasons that are poorly understood, immunity to seasonal human coronaviruses tends to be short in duration, lasting from 80 days to a few years. Reinfections have been documented with three of the four seasonal human coronaviruses (ie, 229E, NL63, ...
Ref: SARS-CoV-2 immunity: review and applications to phase 3 vaccine candidates [Lancet, 2020-10-13]sleep deprivation may decrease the production protective cytokines that were released by the immune system.
... at the first line of defense against infections that had been reported 12 , since sleep deprivation may decrease the production protective cytokines that were released by the immune system. For example, sleep can show effects on plasma levels of cytokine IL-1, TNF, and IL-6 ...
Ref: Risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: A retrospective study of a nosocomial outbreak [Lancet, 2020-10-14]The kinetics of antibody-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection and how long this immunity lasts are unknown.
... understanding of the duration and nature of protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is currently very limited. The kinetics of antibody-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection and how long this immunity lasts are unknown. Our data suggest that NAb titers in patients were variable, and the protective humoral immune ...
Ref: Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-08-03]long-term impacts on the cellular immune system remained to be analyzed.
... While acute and intermediate interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system have been studied extensively, long-term impacts on the cellular immune system remained to be analyzed. Here, we comprehensively characterized immunological changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 49 COVID-19 convalescent ...
Ref: The analysis of the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the cellular immune system in individuals recovering from COVID-19 reveals a profound NKT cell impairment [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-08-25]Gender influences clinical presentations, duration and severity of symptoms, and therapy outcome in coronavirus disease 2019
... Gender influences clinical presentations, duration and severity of symptoms, and therapy outcome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection Whether the immune response to Tα1 treatment for SARS-CoV-2 differs between the sexes, and whether this difference explains the male susceptibility to COVID-19, is unclear This study aimed ...
Ref: Gender-Associated Difference following COVID-19 virus infection: Implications for Thymosin alpha-1 Therapy [International Immunopharmacology, 2020]If this proves to also be true for SARS-CoV-2, persistent herd immunity may never be attained in the absence of recurrent vaccination.
... sufficient time, although longitudinal serological studies are needed to assess the duration of SARS-CoV-2 immunity. If this proves to also be true for SARS-CoV-2, persistent herd immunity may never be attained in the absence of recurrent vaccination. Indeed, modeling of the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 predicts that short-term immunity (10 months) would ...
Ref: Herd Immunity: Understanding COVID-19 [Immunity, 2020-05-19]Highenergy diets and obesity are major risk factors for a more severe course of COVID-19.
... amounts of macronutrients and diverse micronutrients is a prerequisite of an optimally functioning immune system. Highenergy diets and obesity are major risk factors for a more severe course of COVID-19. Therefore, population-wide body weight control and weight reduction in overweight people are important preventive measures. ...
Ref: Food science and COVID-19 [Immunity, 2020-09-23]We noticed three subjects to carry antibodies recognizing SARS-CoV-2 N protein at certain time points.
... We noticed three subjects to carry antibodies recognizing SARS-CoV-2 N protein at certain time points. It is unlikely that they had been infected with a SARS-CoV-2-like virus in 1985 (subject 10), 1992 (subject 2), or 2006 (subject 9), and we therefore suggest that broadly acting ...
Ref: Human coronavirus reinfection dynamics: lessons for SARS-CoV-2 [Immunity, 2020-05-18]rapid decline in antibody titers and in pro-inflammatory cytokines may be a common feature of non-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection,
... N protein, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased within a month after viral clearance Thus, rapid decline in antibody titers and in pro-inflammatory cytokines may be a common feature of non-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that antibody-mediated protection against re-infection with SARS-CoV-2 is of short duration These results suggest ...
Ref: Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Convalescent Health Care Workers [Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2020]smoking, stress, diet and alcohol intake, among others.
... Lifestyle factors that may influence SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and COVID-19 severity include smoking, stress, diet and alcohol intake, among others. For example, smoking has been shown to increase the susceptibility to respiratory tract infections and its severity, 294 ...
Ref: A compendium answering 150 questions on COVID‐19 and SARS‐CoV‐2 [Allergy, 2020-06-14]The degree to which the innate immune response confers protection or induces pathogenesis through a dysregulated immune response remains unclear.
... the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 will be critical for the application and development of therapeutics. The degree to which the innate immune response confers protection or induces pathogenesis through a dysregulated immune response remains unclear. In this review, we discuss what is known about the role of the innate immune ...
Ref: The Innate Immune System: Fighting on the Front Lines or Fanning the Flames of COVID-19? [Allergy, 2020]The dynamic immunological characteristics of COVID-19 patients are essential for clinicians to understand the disease progression.
... The dynamic immunological characteristics of COVID-19 patients are essential for clinicians to understand the disease progression. Our data showed that the immune system and function have gradually remodeled and declined with age from 16-91 years old in 25,239 healthy controls. Analyzing the relationship between the number ...
Ref: Loss expansion of SARS-CoV-2 specific immunity is a key risk factor in fatal patients with COVID-19 [Allergy, 2020-08-01]individual-level heterogeneity in vaccine induced immunity can significantly affect vaccination schedules.
... thresholds needed to stop transmission to be between 73% and 84%. We further analyze how vaccination schedules depends on R0, the duration of vaccine-induced immunity to SARS-CoV-2, and show that individual-level heterogeneity in vaccine induced immunity can significantly affect vaccination schedules. ...
Ref: Estimating the reproductive number R0 of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States and eight European countries and implications for vaccination [Allergy, 2020-08-04]For inducing protection, booster vaccinations enhancing existing immunity are less demanding than primary vaccinations against new antigens.
... degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus. For inducing protection, booster vaccinations enhancing existing immunity are less demanding than primary vaccinations against new antigens. Therefore, for the discussion on vaccination strategies against COVID-19, the available immune memory against related ...
Ref: Expected immune recognition of COVID-19 virus by memory from earlier infections with common coronaviruses in a large part of the world population. [F1000Research, 2020]counts of CD8+ T cells, is important for further understand the pathogenesis of the disease and for application of appropriate measurements for infection prevention and control.
... Summary, our findings regarding early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity, such as counts of CD8+ T cells, is important for further understand the pathogenesis of the disease and for application of appropriate measurements for infection prevention and control. ...
Ref: Early risk factors for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral positivity in COVID-19 patients [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-04-27]The T cell response of critical COVID-19 patients is robust and comparable or even superior to non-critical patients.
... induces the highest frequencies of CD4+ T cells, suggesting its relevance for diagnosis and vaccination. The T cell response of critical COVID-19 patients is robust and comparable or even superior to non-critical patients. Virus clearance and COVID-19 survival are not associated with either SARS-CoV-2 T cell kinetics or ...
Ref: Robust T Cell Response Toward Spike, Membrane, and Nucleocapsid SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Is Not Associated with Recovery in Critical COVID-19 Patients [Cell Rep Med, 2020]Kaneko et al report that severe SARS-CoV-2 infections blunt the germinal centre response,
... Kaneko et al report that severe SARS-CoV-2 infections blunt the germinal centre response, which is likely to dampen the generation of long-lived antibody responses. They set out to establish the root cause of the reported short-lived humoral response to SARS-Cov-2, which was also ...
Ref: COVID-19 makes B cells forget, but T cells remember [Cell, 2020-09-04]