¿Qué planes de distribución de la vacuna covid-19 son justos y tendrán el mayor impacto?
(What covid-19 vaccine distribution plans are fair and will have the most impact?)
Primeras 5 respuestas:
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Vaccine distribution is currently determined by two primary considerations: (1) ability to develop and test and (2) ability to purchase.
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Covid-19 has caused hundred of thousands of deaths and an economic damage amounting to trillions of dollars,
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Fair distribution of a pandemic vaccine is unlikely without a solid ethical framework for allocation.
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Research to develop one or more COVID-19 vaccines is proceeding at an unprecedented pace.
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The debate around vaccines has been in the spotlight over the last few years in Europe, both within the scientific community and the general public debate.
Vaccine distribution is currently determined by two primary considerations: (1) ability to develop and test and (2) ability to purchase.
... Vaccine distribution is currently determined by two primary considerations: (1) ability to develop and test and (2) ability to purchase. Five multinational companies produce most of the world"s vaccines and negotiate with the private and public sector for purchasing. 7 Perhaps not surprisingly, the US government has already attempted to ...
Ref: Multivalue ethical framework for fair global allocation of a COVID-19 vaccine [J Med Ethics, 2020-06-12]Covid-19 has caused hundred of thousands of deaths and an economic damage amounting to trillions of dollars,
... Covid-19 has caused hundred of thousands of deaths and an economic damage amounting to trillions of dollars, creating a desire for the rapid development of vaccine. Once available, vaccine is gradually produced, evoking the question on how to distribute it best. While official vaccination guidelines largely focus ...
Ref: Strategic Spatiotemporal Vaccine Distribution Increases the Survival Rate in an Infectious Disease like Covid-19 [J Med Ethics, 2020-05-08]Fair distribution of a pandemic vaccine is unlikely without a solid ethical framework for allocation.
... vaccines as well as inadequate resources to vaccinate, barriers that are exacerbated during a pandemic. Fair distribution of a pandemic vaccine is unlikely without a solid ethical framework for allocation. This piece analyses four allocation paradigms: ability to develop or purchase; reciprocity; ability to implement; ...
Ref: Multivalue ethical framework for fair global allocation of a COVID-19 vaccine [J Med Ethics, 2020]Research to develop one or more COVID-19 vaccines is proceeding at an unprecedented pace.
... Research to develop one or more COVID-19 vaccines is proceeding at an unprecedented pace. Globally coordinated efforts began with world researchers and scientists convening at the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11-12 February 2020, to initiate agreement on critical research questions and to define ...
Ref: Logistical challenges for potential SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and a call to research institutions, developers and manufacturers [Vaccine, 2020-06-23]The debate around vaccines has been in the spotlight over the last few years in Europe, both within the scientific community and the general public debate.
... The debate around vaccines has been in the spotlight over the last few years in Europe, both within the scientific community and the general public debate. In this regard, the case of the Italian vaccination debate is particularly worrying given that Italy has been one of the European countries with the highest number of measles cases ...
Ref: 'Vaccine hesitancy' among university students in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic [Eur J Epidemiol, 2020]pharmaceutical formulation science plays a critical role throughout the development, manufacturing, distribution, and vaccination phases.
... In the race for a safe and effective vaccine against coronavirus disease (COVID)-19, pharmaceutical formulation science plays a critical role throughout the development, manufacturing, distribution, and vaccination phases. The proper choice of the type of vaccine, carrier or vector, adjuvant, excipients, dosage form, and route ...
Ref: The COVID-19 Vaccine Race: Challenges and Opportunities in Vaccine Formulation [AAPS PharmSciTech, 2020]COVID-19 vaccination programme success will rely on public willingness to be vaccinated.
... availability of a COVID-19 vaccine has been heralded as key to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 vaccination programme success will rely on public willingness to be vaccinated. METHODS: We used a multi-methods approach - involving an online cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews ...
Ref: Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: a multi-methods study in England [Vaccine, 2020-10-19]COVID-19 continues pandemic and researchers and companies are racing to develop effective vaccines with currently (September 2020) over 320 vaccine candidates,
... COVID-19 continues pandemic and researchers and companies are racing to develop effective vaccines with currently (September 2020) over 320 vaccine candidates, 32 of which are in clinical trials that plan to enroll >280,000 volunteers from >470 sites in 34 different countries. Vaccines are given to healthy multitudes and for this reason, ...
Ref: cord_uid ez3hxm3p Theoretical novel COVID-19 vaccination risk of... ez3hxm3p Theoretical novel COVID-19 vaccination risk of... Name: title, dtype: object [Vaccine, cord_uid ez3hxm3p 2020 ez3hxm3p 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]Almost a third of network members having vaccines prequalified by the World Health Organization comply with international regulations and mechanisms to distribute vaccines across borders.
... of vaccines supplied collectively by 37 members, in 2018-19, was about 3.5 billion doses annually. Almost a third of network members having vaccines prequalified by the World Health Organization comply with international regulations and mechanisms to distribute vaccines across borders. The use of existing manufacturing, fill-finish and distribution capabilities can support an efficient roll-out of ...
Ref: cord_uid jtel5mvt Emerging manufacturers engagements in the COVI... jtel5mvt Emerging manufacturers engagements in the COVI... Name: title, dtype: object [Vaccine, cord_uid jtel5mvt 2020 jtel5mvt 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]priority of professional individuals, dosage, vaccine hesitancy, repeat doses, and prohibitive cost.
... the earliest. It is expected that we may have these in place by early next year. However, there are several logistical and policy dilemmas: affordability, fair distribution in various countries, priority of professional individuals, dosage, vaccine hesitancy, repeat doses, and prohibitive cost. ...
Ref: Timelines of COVID-19 Vaccines [Curr Med Res Pract, 2020-07-21]COVID-19 is highly contagious which would indicate the need for widespread vaccination, once vaccines are available.
... cells in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract are the primary target cells of these viruses. COVID-19 is highly contagious which would indicate the need for widespread vaccination, once vaccines are available. The genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus was shared for developing specific diagnostic and other ...
Ref: Emerging Manufacturers engagements in the COVID -19 vaccine research, development and supply [Vaccine, 2020-06-11]a large number of candidate vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are currently in the pipeline and undergoing phase I, II and III clinical studies.
... allow a more rapid SARS-CoV-2 infected patient isolation and contact tracing. On the other hand, a large number of candidate vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are currently in the pipeline and undergoing phase I, II and III clinical studies. As SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are expected to be marketed through accelerated regulatory pathways, vaccinovigilance as well ...
Ref: Potential effects of vaccinations on the prevention of COVID-19: rationale, clinical evidence, risks and public health considerations. [Expert review of vaccines, 2020-09-17]A COVID-19 vaccine is our best bet for mitigating the ongoing onslaught of the pandemic.
... A COVID-19 vaccine is our best bet for mitigating the ongoing onslaught of the pandemic. However, vaccine is also expected to be a limited resource. An optimal allocation strategy, especially in countries with access inequities and a temporal separation of hot-spots might be an effective ...
Ref: VacSIM: Learning Effective Strategies for COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution using Reinforcement Learning [Expert review of vaccines, 2020-09-14]They are being developed with unprecedented global collaboration and accelerated timelines to achieve WHO Emergency Use Listing, while using regulatory pathways through national regulatory authorities.
... COVID-19 vaccines are the most important tool to stem the pandemic. They are being developed with unprecedented global collaboration and accelerated timelines to achieve WHO Emergency Use Listing, while using regulatory pathways through national regulatory authorities. Alongside preparations to ensure equitable access to the vaccines among people globally, preparations must be made within countries for ...
Ref: Planning for COVID-19 vaccines safety surveillance [Vaccine, 2020]the presented respiratory vaccine candidate is highly attenuated in primates per se, safe and lacking pre-existing immunity in human,
... and this expression did not significantly impact the in vitro growth characteristics of the recombinant. Taken together, the presented respiratory vaccine candidate is highly attenuated in primates per se, safe and lacking pre-existing immunity in human, and carries the potential for accelerated vaccine development against CoVID-19 for clinical studies. ...
Ref: A Scalable Topical Vectored Vaccine Candidate against SARS-CoV-2. [Vaccines, 2020-08-24]COVID-19 vaccine efforts mark the first use of mRNA-type vaccines ever evaluated.
... July 13, 2020 with 26 currently on clinical evaluation while 137 vaccines on preclinical evaluation. COVID-19 vaccine efforts mark the first use of mRNA-type vaccines ever evaluated. Numerous research organizations have successfully initiated clinical evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines. This review aims to ...
Ref: Frontiers in the COVID-19 vaccines development [Exp Hematol Oncol, 2020-09-03]The COVID-19 pandemic has taught the world the importance of international collaboration, solidarity and the need for renewed efforts to address infectious diseases.
... impediment to implementing one of the most effective tools we have for HBV control worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has taught the world the importance of international collaboration, solidarity and the need for renewed efforts to address infectious diseases. While there are possible collateral effects of the pandemic, including disruption of health systems, diverted ...
Ref: Strengthening vaccine confidence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A new opportunity for global hepatitis B virus elimination [J Hepatol, 2020-07-27]The COVID-19 pandemic threatens to set back major successes that have been achieved in global vaccine initiatives
... The COVID-19 pandemic threatens to set back major successes that have been achieved in global vaccine initiatives We conducted a rapid review and synthesis of the literature on immunization provision and Utilization since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic A total of 11 papers comprising peer-reviewed articles ...
Ref: COVID-19 and Child Vaccination: A Systematic Approach to Closing the Immunization Gap [Int J MCH AIDS, 2020]Data on all the 47 new COVID-19 vaccines under development need to be shared internationally in a transparent and open manner.
... Data on all the 47 new COVID-19 vaccines under development need to be shared internationally in a transparent and open manner. If any effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is going to stop the pandemic we need to generate public trust in the vaccine to obtain a high acceptance rates. Thus, all pre-approval data ...
Ref: Advancing COVID-19 vaccines – avoiding different regulatory standards for different vaccines and need for open and transparent data sharing [Int J Infect Dis, 2020-08-19]Vaccines against COVID-19 are being developed at speeds not previously achieved.
... Vaccines against COVID-19 are being developed at speeds not previously achieved. With this unprecedented effort comes challenges for post-marketing safety monitoring and challenges for vaccine safety communication. To deploy these new vaccines fast across diverse populations, it is vital that robust ...
Ref: Assessing the Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Primer [Drug saf, 2020]The COVID-19 pandemic threatens to set back major successes that have been achieved in global vaccine initiatives.
... The COVID-19 pandemic threatens to set back major successes that have been achieved in global vaccine initiatives. We conducted a rapid review and synthesis of the literature on immunization provision and Utilization since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 11 papers comprising peer-reviewed articles ...
Ref: COVID-19 and Child Vaccination: A Systematic Approach to Closing the Immunization Gap [Int J MCH AIDS, 2020-09-15]More than ninety vaccines are currently being developed against Sars-Cov2 by universities and companies around the world.
... can help against the recent pandemic, is a topic that has recently attracted public opinion. More than ninety vaccines are currently being developed against Sars-Cov2 by universities and companies around the world. They are protein-based vaccines, viral vector vaccines, DNA or RNA vaccines and inactivated or attenuated ...
Ref: [Vaccines: from the identification of the microorganism to marketing. How long does it take?] [Igiene e sanita pubblica, 2020]There is a strong consensus globally that a COVID-19 vaccine is likely the most effective approach to sustainably controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
... There is a strong consensus globally that a COVID-19 vaccine is likely the most effective approach to sustainably controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. An unprecedented research effort and global coordination has resulted in a rapid development of vaccine candidates and initiation of trials. Here, we review vaccine types, and progress with 10 vaccine ...
Ref: Vaccines for COVID-19: the current state of play [Paediatr Respir Rev, 2020-06-18]we shed light on the 16 current approved clinical trials worldwide in search for a COVID-19 vaccine.
... in areas relevant to vaccine design. Using the ClinicalTrials.gov and World Health Organization (WHO) databases, we shed light on the 16 current approved clinical trials worldwide in search for a COVID-19 vaccine. The different vaccine platforms being tested are Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines, DNA and RNA-based vaccines, ...
Ref: Vaccine Candidates against Coronavirus Infections. Where Does COVID-19 Stand? [Viruses, 2020]A Working Group was established to initially produce a Vaccine Development Process Map for a Human Vaccine.
... response in the face of an epidemic such as Ebola, MERS and more recently COVID-19. A Working Group was established to initially produce a Vaccine Development Process Map for a Human Vaccine. However, in view of the importance of animal wellbeing and the significant impact of diseases ...
Ref: A Veterinary Vaccine Development Process Map to assist in the development of new vaccines [Vaccine, 2020]The COVID-19 pandemic is likely the most monumental public health emergency we will witness in our lifetimes.
... The COVID-19 pandemic is likely the most monumental public health emergency we will witness in our lifetimes. Establishment of transparent, equitable, safe, and effective mechanisms for broad distribution, administration, and monitoring of COVID-19 vaccines across the global population, including the most vulnerable among us, is our imperative. ...
Ref: Transparent, equitable, safe, and effective use of COVID-19 vaccines: A societal imperative [Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2020-09-23]COVID-19 demonstrates a clear need for a more rapid and adaptive pandemic vaccine enterprise.
... COVID-19 demonstrates a clear need for a more rapid and adaptive pandemic vaccine enterprise. Vaccine research and development programs should be designed to optimize downstream processes that permit rapid scale-up while maintaining the standards of safety and efficacy that we expect of routine vaccines. ...
Ref: Enabling Emergency Mass Vaccination: Innovations in Manufacturing and Administration During a Pandemic [Vaccine, 2020-04-20]the first successful SARS-CoV-2 vaccine will most likely be the 42nd or even the 90th one to complete human testing.
... undergoing Phase II trials meet their TPPs (Table 1 ) and only about 10% of new drugs eventually gain FDA approval, the first successful SARS-CoV-2 vaccine will most likely be the 42nd or even the 90th one to complete human testing. (About 110 vaccines are in development as of mid-2020.) ...
Ref: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine Development and Production: An Ethical Way Forward [Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees, 2020-06-05]There has been an unprecedented rapid response by vaccine developers with now over one hundred vaccine candidates in development and at least six having reached clinical trials.
... morbidity and mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease and ease the major economic impact. There has been an unprecedented rapid response by vaccine developers with now over one hundred vaccine candidates in development and at least six having reached clinical trials. However, a major challenge during rapid development is to avoid safety issues both by thoughtful ...
Ref: Consensus summary report for CEPI/BC March 12-13, 2020 meeting: Assessment of risk of disease enhancement with COVID-19 vaccines [Vaccine, 2020]prioritizing vaccine trial sites in areas with high expected disease incidence can speed endpoint accrual and shorten trial duration.
... To rapidly evaluate the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine candidates, prioritizing vaccine trial sites in areas with high expected disease incidence can speed endpoint accrual and shorten trial duration. Mathematical and statistical forecast models can inform the process of site selection, integrating available data sources and facilitating comparisons ...
Ref: Ensemble forecast modeling for the design of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials [Vaccine, 2020]COVID-19 vaccines are most commonly evaluated based on their capability of generating binding and neutralizing antibodies.
... COVID-19 vaccines are most commonly evaluated based on their capability of generating binding and neutralizing antibodies. However, a range of vaccine evaluation methods and models exist, making it difficult to compare the efficacy of different vaccines. In addition to humoral immunity, specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes ...
Ref: Challenges in the development of a vaccine against COVID-19 [Engineering (Beijing), 2020-09-14]manufacturing of hundreds of millions to billions of doses [8, 42, 43] .
vaccines, by companies, governments and international coalitions not only for product development, but manufacturing of hundreds of millions to billions of doses [8, 42, 43] .
Ref: A global agenda for older adult immunization in the COVID-19 era: a roadmap for action [Vaccine, 2020-07-03]vaccinovigilance as well as planning of a successful vaccination campaign will play a major role.
... candidate vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are currently in the pipeline and undergoing phase I, II and III clinical studies. As SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are expected to be marketed through accelerated regulatory pathways, vaccinovigilance as well as planning of a successful vaccination campaign will play a major role. ...
Ref: Potential effects of vaccinations on the prevention of COVID-19: rationale, clinical evidence, risks and public health considerations. [Expert review of vaccines, 2020-09-17]After a rapid process of vaccine development, the use of COVID-19 vaccine can be mainstreamed among people to prevent the disease.
... of recombinant DNA technology will be a source of inspiration to people for further studies. After a rapid process of vaccine development, the use of COVID-19 vaccine can be mainstreamed among people to prevent the disease. As a result of these practices, the evaluation of which vaccine will be more safe, ...
Ref: How close are we to a COVID-19 vaccine? [J. Pure Appl. Microbiol., 2020]DCVMN members are engaged in the production or distribution of nearly 50 distinct vaccines with close to 200 products [6] .
... efforts to make vaccines to halt this pandemic should not hamper other vital vaccine production. DCVMN members are engaged in the production or distribution of nearly 50 distinct vaccines with close to 200 products [6] . Ensuring the security of this supply to national and international destinations is central to the ...
Ref: Emerging Manufacturers engagements in the COVID -19 vaccine research, development and supply [Vaccine, 2020-06-11]Safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed to prevent and control the outbreak of COVID-19.
... Safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed to prevent and control the outbreak of COVID-19. 2019-nCoV belongs to the genus Betacoronavirus like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Here we summarized the current progress and problems in the ...
Ref: Progress in SARS and MERS vaccines: lessons for the development of COVID-19 vaccine/ SARS和MERS疫苗研究进展对COVID-19疫苗研究的借鉴作用 [Chin. J. Microbiol. Immunol., 2020]Vaccines are a powerful measure to protect the health of individuals and to combat outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
... Vaccines are a powerful measure to protect the health of individuals and to combat outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. An ethical dilemma arises when one effective vaccine has been successfully developed against an epidemic disease and researchers seek to test the efficacy of another vaccine for the same pathogen ...
Ref: cord_uid fzbu506l Ethical considerations for epidemic vaccine tr... fzbu506l Ethical considerations for epidemic vaccine tr... Name: title, dtype: object [Chin. J. Microbiol. Immunol., cord_uid fzbu506l 2020 fzbu506l 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]An effective vaccine that completes phase 3 trials having been administered to 20,000 individuals with very few or no serious effects is well worth taking.
... much as anybody could want it. But the data have to be clear and compelling."(21) An effective vaccine that completes phase 3 trials having been administered to 20,000 individuals with very few or no serious effects is well worth taking. J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f ...
Ref: Theoretical novel COVID-19 vaccination risk of rare and severe adverse events versus COVID-19 mortality [Early Hum Dev, 2020-10-01]As of March 2020, two 2019-nCoV vaccines have entered phase I clinical trials.
... virus vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, mRNA vaccine, and DNA vaccine, et al. As of March 2020, two 2019-nCoV vaccines have entered phase I clinical trials. One is named as Ad5-nCoV developed by the Chinese Institute of Biotechnology of the Academy ...
Ref: [Progress and challenge of vaccine development against 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)]. [Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine], 2020-04-01]In the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials, the reward-risk ratio is significantly higher.
... to the classic trolley dilemma, where one person may be sacrificed to save a group. In the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trials, the reward-risk ratio is significantly higher. 27 Not only will HCS provide a faster and less-expensive answer to whether the vaccine ...
Ref: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine Development and Production: An Ethical Way Forward [Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees, 2020-06-05]The intense global efforts are directed towards development of vaccines to halt the COVID-19 virus pandemic.
... The intense global efforts are directed towards development of vaccines to halt the COVID-19 virus pandemic. There are 160 candidate vaccines under clinical trials across the world using different molecular targets and techniques. This race for the vaccine has several challenges and ethical issues like compressed ...
Ref: Expedited COVID-19 vaccine trials: a rat-race with challenges and ethical issues [Pan Afr Med J, 2020-07-22]The current COVID-19 pandemic has created a havoc with rapidly increasing morbidity and mortality rates globally To tide over the current circumstances,
... The current COVID-19 pandemic has created a havoc with rapidly increasing morbidity and mortality rates globally To tide over the current circumstances, it is imperative that novel vaccines are developed at the earliest Development of a novel vaccine against SARS-Co-V-2 seems to be a daunting task at the moment We will have ...
Ref: Development of COVID-19 vaccines: A race against time! [Journal of Patient Safety and Infection Control, 2020]Most human vaccines, including vaccines currently in the developmental stage for COVID-19, are administered subcutaneously.
... the COVID-19 vaccination program also calls for innovations on the administration route of the vaccines. Most human vaccines, including vaccines currently in the developmental stage for COVID-19, are administered subcutaneously. Such practices require the presence of trained medical staff to safely conduct the procedures for ...
Ref: Who is running faster, the virus or the vaccine? [Environ Chem Lett, 2020-10-15]The most significant impact of vaccines has been to prevent morbidity and mortality from serious infections that disproportionately affect children.
... The most significant impact of vaccines has been to prevent morbidity and mortality from serious infections that disproportionately affect children. Vaccines are estimated to prevent almost six million deaths/year and to save 386 million life years and 96 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) globally (Ehreth, 2003) . The traditional measures ...
Ref: Impact of Vaccines; Health, Economic and Social Perspectives [Front Microbiol, 2020-07-14]The ideal candidate COVID-19 vaccine would have good safety and immunogenicity profiles in all age groups and demographics including pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals,
... The ideal candidate COVID-19 vaccine would have good safety and immunogenicity profiles in all age groups and demographics including pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, and would generate robust cellular and humoral immunity with a single vaccination, which could potentially be boosted for long-lasting memory durability (52, 63) . Single-shot efficacy was demonstrated in clinical ...
Ref: The early landscape of COVID‐19 vaccine development in the UK and rest of the world [Immunology, 2020-05-27]Overall, the size of COVID-19 vaccine recipient population varied markedly by goals of the vaccination program and geography.
... journal articles. The sizes of different priority groups were projected for 194 countries globally. Results Overall, the size of COVID-19 vaccine recipient population varied markedly by goals of the vaccination program and geography. The general population aged <60 years without any underlying condition accounts for the majority of ...
Ref: Global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for COVID-19 vaccination [medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-09-30]Ensuring public confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness will be crucial to facilitate uptake.
... is hoped that an effective COVID-19 vaccine will become available to the public in 2021. Ensuring public confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness will be crucial to facilitate uptake. General practitioners are at the forefront of public health, and one of the most trusted ...
Ref: Preparing the public for COVID-19 vaccines: How can general practitioners build vaccine confidence and optimise uptake for themselves and their patients? [Aust J Gen Pract, 2020]There are accelerated timelines for vaccine development to achieve WHO Emergency Use Listing, while using regulatory pathways through national regulatory authorities.
... There are accelerated timelines for vaccine development to achieve WHO Emergency Use Listing, while using regulatory pathways through national regulatory authorities. Common adverse events that occur shortly after vaccination may be detected in the clinical trials, but rare adverse events, and those with delayed onset, are likely to be detected only ...
Ref: Planning for COVID-19 Vaccines Safety surveillance [Vaccine, 2020-07-10]The CDC established a prioritization plan for pandemic influenza vaccine [22] , but this was based primarily on a utilitarian ethic.
... As COVID-19 vaccine development progresses, considerable forethought and debate are needed to prioritize vaccine distribution, allow for citizen input, and to widely communicate allocation plans. The CDC established a prioritization plan for pandemic influenza vaccine [22] , but this was based primarily on a utilitarian ethic. ...
Ref: Rationing of civilian COVID-19 vaccines while supplies are limited [J Infect Dis, 2020-09-07]To eradicate pandemics, present and future, a successful vaccine platform must enable rapid discovery, scalable manufacturing and global distribution.
... first vaccine candidate launched into clinical trials is an mRNA vaccine delivered via lipid nanoparticles. To eradicate pandemics, present and future, a successful vaccine platform must enable rapid discovery, scalable manufacturing and global distribution. Here, we review current approaches to COVID-19 vaccine development and highlight the role of nanotechnology ...
Ref: COVID-19 vaccine development and a potential nanomaterial path forward. [Nature nanotechnology, 2020-07-15]The most difficult scientific challenge for this future vaccine obtained in the laboratory is the proof of clinical safety and efficacy.
... new technological platforms and advanced genetic engineering procedures are required to obtain a COVID19 vaccine. The most difficult scientific challenge for this future vaccine obtained in the laboratory is the proof of clinical safety and efficacy. The biggest challenge of manufacturing is the construction and validation of production platforms capable of ...
Ref: Towards effective COVID19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges (Review) [Int J Mol Med, 2020]The vaccine industry was able to develop H1N1 vaccine fairly rapidly because the technology and regulations were already in place to develop influenza vaccine.
... There is an urgent need to expedite the development of COVID-19 vaccine. The vaccine industry was able to develop H1N1 vaccine fairly rapidly because the technology and regulations were already in place to develop influenza vaccine. Global experiences with influenza vaccines have outlined the urgency for investing in modern technologies for faster vaccine development ...
Ref: Coronavirus Vaccine: Light at the End of the Tunnel [Indian Pediatr, 2020-04-15]There is a need to examine how best to accelerate vaccine development in the setting of a pandemic, without compromising ethical and scientific norms.
... challenge trials (CHI), and wide distribution through an emergency use authorization after collecting initial data. There is a need to examine how best to accelerate vaccine development in the setting of a pandemic, without compromising ethical and scientific norms. METHODS: Trade-offs in scientific and social value between generating reliable evidence about safety and efficacy ...
Ref: So much at stake: Ethical tradeoffs in accelerating SARSCoV-2 vaccine development [Vaccine, 2020]vaccinovigilance as well as planning of a successful vaccination campaign will play a major role in protecting public health.
... candidate vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are currently in the pipeline and undergoing phase I, II, and III clinical studies. As SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are expected to be marketed through accelerated regulatory pathways, vaccinovigilance as well as planning of a successful vaccination campaign will play a major role in protecting public health. ...
Ref: Potential effects of vaccinations on the prevention of COVID-19: rationale, clinical evidence, risks, and public health considerations [Expert Rev Vaccines, 2020]The availability of a COVID-19 vaccine is being heralded as the solution to control the current COVID-19 pandemic,
... BACKGROUND: The availability of a COVID-19 vaccine is being heralded as the solution to control the current COVID-19 pandemic, reduce the number of infections and deaths and facilitate resumption of our previous way of life. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to provide a framework for primary ...
Ref: Preparing the public for COVID-19 vaccines: How can general practitioners build vaccine confidence and optimise uptake for themselves and their patients? [Aust J Gen Pract, 2020]COVID-19 transmitted with high speed beyond borders and has significantly affected normal life Currently,
... in December, 2019 in Wuhan, China was later named COVID-19 Due to its special pathogenicity, COVID-19 transmitted with high speed beyond borders and has significantly affected normal life Currently, no specific drugs, treatment or vaccines are available Vaccine development for COVID-19 is a highly ...
Ref: Frontiers in the COVID-19 vaccines development [Exp Hematol Oncol, 2020]An unprecedented research effort and global coordination has resulted in a rapid development of vaccine candidates and initiation of trials.
... a COVID-19 vaccine is likely the most effective approach to sustainably controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. An unprecedented research effort and global coordination has resulted in a rapid development of vaccine candidates and initiation of trials. Here, we review vaccine types, and progress with 10 vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 – the ...
Ref: Vaccines for COVID-19: the current state of play [Paediatr Respir Rev, 2020-06-18]ensuring equitable access will require countries, organisations, and corporations to place their trust in global health.
... a COVID-19 vaccine has the potential to greatly change the course of the pandemic; however, ensuring equitable access will require countries, organisations, and corporations to place their trust in global health. The COVID-19 vaccine initiative (COVAX) shows how public-private partnerships can exacerbate existing chasms 1 or ...
Ref: COVID-19 vaccination: returning to WHO's Health For All [Lancet Glob Health, 2020-09-25]Vaccine safety and efficacy requires meticulous testing and oversight;
... populace healthy, fully reopen their economies, and return their social and healthcare systems to "normal." Vaccine safety and efficacy requires meticulous testing and oversight; this paper describes how despite grandiose public statements, the current vaccine development, testing, and production ...
Ref: cord_uid 12dzkbbg SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine Development and ... 12dzkbbg SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine Development and ... Name: title, dtype: object [Lancet Glob Health, cord_uid 12dzkbbg 2020 12dzkbbg 2020 Name: publish_time, dtype: object]Vaccines against COVID-19 have the potential to protect people before they are exposed to the infective form of the virus
... Vaccines against COVID-19 have the potential to protect people before they are exposed to the infective form of the virus However, because of the involvement of pathogenic immune processes in many severe presentations of COVID-19, eliciting an immune response with a vaccine must strike a delicate balance to achieve viral ...
Ref: Principles Learned from the International Race to Develop a Safe and Effective COVID-19 Vaccine [ACS central science, 2020]The development of a vaccine is challenging.
... INTRODUCTION: The world is facing the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of a vaccine is challenging. We aimed to determine the proportion of people who intend to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in France or to participate in a ...
Ref: Intention to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial and to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in France during the pandemic [Vaccine, 2020]The global vaccine development efforts for COVID-19 pandemic are unparalleled.
... The global vaccine development efforts for COVID-19 pandemic are unparalleled. In the current scenario, there is an indication that vaccine could be available as early as 2021. This would be an extraordinary shift from the usual vaccine development timeframe which ...
Ref: Coronavirus Vaccine: Light at the End of the Tunnel [Indian Pediatr, 2020-04-15]there was an urgent need to develop vaccines at an unprecedented rate and scale.
... in December 2019, and its potential for global dissemination to cause COVID-19 disease was realized, there was an urgent need to develop vaccines at an unprecedented rate and scale. As we appreciate and quantify the health, economic and social benefits of vaccines and immunization ...
Ref: Impact of Vaccines; Health, Economic and Social Perspectives [Front. Microbiol., 2020]A summary of key guidelines is presented based on best practice guidance.
... best practice guidance. This paper aims to assist those responsible for promoting COVID-19 vaccine uptake to digest the mass of guidance that exists and formulate an effective locally relevant strategy. A summary of key guidelines is presented based on best practice guidance. ...
Ref: Key Guidelines in Developing a Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy [Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online), 2020]Till date, there is no approved medicine/treatment to cure COVID-19, whereas, vaccine development efforts are going on high priority.
... coronavirus-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) is severely affecting the worldwide public health, culture, economy and human social behaviour. Till date, there is no approved medicine/treatment to cure COVID-19, whereas, vaccine development efforts are going on high priority. This review aimed to provide an overview of prior art, recent advances, vaccine designing strategies, ...
Ref: Vaccine development against coronavirus (2003 to present): An overview, recent advances, current scenario, opportunities and challenges [Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2020]Vaccines are the most promising solution to mitigate new viral strains.
... owing to the high prevalence, long incubation period and lack of established treatments or vaccines. Vaccines are the most promising solution to mitigate new viral strains. The genome sequence and protein structure of the 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV or SARS-CoV-2) were made ...
Ref: COVID-19 vaccine development and a potential nanomaterial path forward. [Nature nanotechnology, 2020-07-15]COVID-19 vaccines have high safety profiles.
... amongst the public and/or some subgroups from attention on safety to centering on effectiveness provided COVID-19 vaccines have high safety profiles. This shifted focus onto effectiveness may spill over to other vaccines as the importance of ...
Ref: Vaccine safety concerns: Should we be changing the way we support immunization? [EClinicalMedicine, 2020-06-11]A number of COVID-19 vaccines are under development, with one or more possibly becoming available in 2021.
... A number of COVID-19 vaccines are under development, with one or more possibly becoming available in 2021. We conducted a global survey in June 2020 of 13,426 people in 19 countries to determine potential acceptance rates of a COVID-19 vaccine and factors influencing acceptance. We ran univariate ...
Ref: Hesitant or not? A global survey of potential acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine [EClinicalMedicine, 2020-08-25]The availability of a COVID-19 vaccine has been heralded as key to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
... BACKGROUND: The availability of a COVID-19 vaccine has been heralded as key to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 vaccination programme success will rely on public willingness to be vaccinated. METHODS: We used a multi-methods approach - involving an online cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews - to ...
Ref: Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: a multi-methods study in England [Vaccine, 2020-10-19]There has been an unprecedented fast track path taken in Research & Development by the World community for developing an effective and safe vaccine.
... and available to all countries and populations affected by the pandemic at an affordable price. There has been an unprecedented fast track path taken in Research & Development by the World community for developing an effective and safe vaccine. Platform technology has been exploited to develop candidate vaccines in a matter of days to ...
Ref: COVID-19 Vaccines: A Race Against Time in the Middle of Death and Devastation! [Vaccine, 2020]The direct COVID-19 impact upon children is greater than that observed for a number of other pathogens for which we now have effective pediatric vaccines.
... into Phase 3 clinical trials, clinical trials have not started in children in the US. The direct COVID-19 impact upon children is greater than that observed for a number of other pathogens for which we now have effective pediatric vaccines. Additionally, the role of children in SARS-CoV-2 transmission has clearly been underappreciated. Carefully conducted Phase ...
Ref: Warp Speed for COVID-19 Vaccines: Why are Children Stuck in Neutral? [Clin Infect Dis, 2020-09-18]As one of the most effective countermeasures against infectious diseases, an efficacious vaccine is considered crucial to containing the COVID‐19 pandemic.
... interventions will be needed to prevent further waves of infections as lockdown measures are lifted. As one of the most effective countermeasures against infectious diseases, an efficacious vaccine is considered crucial to containing the COVID‐19 pandemic. Following the publication of the genome sequence of SARS‐CoV‐2, vaccine development has accelerated at an ...
Ref: The early landscape of COVID‐19 vaccine development in the UK and rest of the world [Immunology, 2020-05-27]The measures deployed for halting the international spread of disease have varied considerably over time.
... The measures deployed for halting the international spread of disease have varied considerably over time. The case of one disease-yellow fever-provides an insight into the evolution of public health interventions from which to see the health diplomacy implications of how global health and international relations ...
Ref: Health diplomacy across borders: the case of yellow fever and COVID-19 [J Travel Med, 2020-07-08]COVID-19 vaccines are the most important tool to stem the pandemic.
... COVID-19 vaccines are the most important tool to stem the pandemic. They are being developed with unprecedented global collaboration and accelerated timelines to achieve WHO Emergency Use Listing, while using regulatory pathways through national regulatory authorities. Alongside preparations to ensure equitable ...
Ref: Planning for COVID-19 vaccines safety surveillance [Vaccine, 2020]Based on a previous study of international allocation for pandemic COVID-19 vaccines, we classified the entire world population into eleven priority groups.
... population sizes for COVID-19 vaccination to inform country-specific immunization strategies on a global scale. Methods Based on a previous study of international allocation for pandemic COVID-19 vaccines, we classified the entire world population into eleven priority groups. Information on priority groups was derived from a multi-pronged search of official websites, media sources ...
Ref: Global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for COVID-19 vaccination [medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-09-30]There is an unprecedented need to produce and distribute enough safe and effective vaccines to individuals globally.
... morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 necessitate the development of effective vaccines to prevent epidemics. There is an unprecedented need to produce and distribute enough safe and effective vaccines to individuals globally. Here, we discuss the challenges in several aspects including the vaccine safety, vaccine efficacy, human ...
Ref: Challenges in the development of a vaccine against COVID-19 [medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020]when running analysis comparing healthcare students versus non-healthcare students we found no significant differences in responses' percentage distribution (p = .097).
... more than one student out of 10 shows low intention to vaccinate (vaccine hesitancy). Furthermore, when running analysis comparing healthcare students versus non-healthcare students we found no significant differences in responses" percentage distribution (p = .097). Understanding the student"s perspective about the future COVID-19 vaccine and supporting their health engagement and ...
Ref: 'Vaccine hesitancy' among university students in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic [Eur J Epidemiol, 2020]Well-established vaccine development protocols from previous experiences are in place to guide the pipelines of vaccine development for emerging viral diseases.
... outbreaks and the requirement of population-level immunization still pose great challenges in today"s vaccine designs. Well-established vaccine development protocols from previous experiences are in place to guide the pipelines of vaccine development for emerging viral diseases. Nevertheless, vaccine development may follow different paradigms during a pandemic. For example, multiple vaccine candidates ...
Ref: Engineering Antiviral Vaccines [ACS nano, 2020]CONCLUSION During the pandemic period, a strong demand for and high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination has been shown among the Chinese population,
... areas, valuing vaccination convenience or vaccine price in decision-making could hinder participants from immediate vaccination. CONCLUSION During the pandemic period, a strong demand for and high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination has been shown among the Chinese population, while concerns about vaccine safety may hinder the promotion of vaccine uptake. To expand vaccination ...
Ref: Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China. [Vaccines, 2020-08-27]a particularly easy belief to adopt, given high rates of asymptomatic cases and chronically low availability of COVID-19 diagnostic testing.
... don"t need a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine because they believe they"ve already had coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)- a particularly easy belief to adopt, given high rates of asymptomatic cases and chronically low availability of COVID-19 diagnostic testing. Or, uncertainty about future vaccine acceptance (on the grounds of not needing it) may reflect ...
Ref: SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Acceptance: We May Need to Choose Our Battles [Ann Intern Med, 2020-09-04]The clinical evaluations of COVID-19 vaccines need to follow standardized protocols that are essential for safeguarding humans.
... in identification of monoclonal antibodies from COVID-19 recovered patients, which may inform on vaccine development. The clinical evaluations of COVID-19 vaccines need to follow standardized protocols that are essential for safeguarding humans. In absence of a vaccine or a widely available effective therapy, quarantine and other preventive ...
Ref: COVID-19 - Important considerations for developing and using a vaccine [Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2020]COVID-19 has spread more rapidly and widely, killing far more people around the world than Ebola.
... had been documented in non-human primates with acceptable pre-clinical safety" (World Health Organization 2015, 6). COVID-19 has spread more rapidly and widely, killing far more people around the world than Ebola. This differing context may be offered as a reason to tolerate higher risks for participants ...
Ref: The Perfect Moral Storm: Diverse Ethical Considerations in the COVID-19 Pandemic [Asian Bioeth Rev, 2020-05-28]Multiple approaches have been proposed to speed up vaccine development,
... responsible for numerous global cases and deaths, as well as widespread social and economic disruption. Multiple approaches have been proposed to speed up vaccine development, including accelerated randomized controlled trials (RCT), controlled human challenge trials (CHI), and wide distribution through ...
Ref: So much at stake: Ethical tradeoffs in accelerating SARSCoV-2 vaccine development [Vaccine, 2020]An efficacious COVID-19 vaccine is currently the world's greatest research priority.
... An efficacious COVID-19 vaccine is currently the world"s greatest research priority. While such trials have been rightfully fasttracked, the moral imperative to pursue a COVID-19 vaccine is not absolute and still entails preconditions for conducting such trials with transparency and integrity. ...
Ref: COVID-19 vaccine trials: Duty of care and standard of prevention considerations [Vaccine, 2020-10-09]a vaccine represents the most promising strategy for combatting the COVID-19 pandemic through primary prevention.
... research, whose way forward is framed within the WHO coordinated global research roadmap (WHO 2020), a vaccine represents the most promising strategy for combatting the COVID-19 pandemic through primary prevention. In addition to bio-tech companies and governments pushing, and in some cases suggesting, that a ...
Ref: When a COVID-19 vaccine is ready, will we all be ready for it? [Int J Public Health, 2020-06-11]health economists need to be ready to take the baton by rapidly developing an evidence-based mechanism for prioritising access.
... results of a vaccine RCT are known. In the race for an effective COVID-19 vaccine, health economists need to be ready to take the baton by rapidly developing an evidence-based mechanism for prioritising access. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which ...
Ref: How Should a Safe and Effective COVID-19 Vaccine be Allocated? Health Economists Need to be Ready to Take the Baton [Pharmacoecon Open, 2020-09-03]In this review, we described the COVID-19 vaccines that are currently tested in clinical trials
... COVID-19, but also the logistics of manufacturing, storing and distributing the vaccine, and mass vaccination. In this review, we described the COVID-19 vaccines that are currently tested in clinical trials and provided in-depth insight into the various types of vaccines, their compositions, advantages, and potential ...
Ref: The COVID-19 Vaccine Race: Challenges and Opportunities in Vaccine Formulation [AAPS PharmSciTech, 2020]To combat the pandemic, multiple types of vaccines are under development with unprecedented rapidity.
... the novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has claimed many lives worldwide. To combat the pandemic, multiple types of vaccines are under development with unprecedented rapidity. Theoretically, future vaccination against COVID-19 may fall into long-term costly guerrilla warfare between SARS-CoV-2 and ...
Ref: Potential for elimination of SAR-CoV-2 through vaccination as inspired by elimination of multiple influenza viruses through natural pandemics or mass vaccination [J. med. virol, 2020]First, we expected that the intention to vaccinate would have been higher in students attending healthcare curricula due to higher literacy on health-related issues.
... no significant differences in responses" percentage distribution (p = .097). These results requires particular attention. First, we expected that the intention to vaccinate would have been higher in students attending healthcare curricula due to higher literacy on health-related issues. Second, these findings shed light on the potential risks liked to healthcare students vaccination hesitancy ...
Ref: ‘Vaccine hesitancy’ among university students in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic [Eur J Epidemiol, 2020-08-06]WHO has a critical role in this and world leaders should join WHO in calling for fair distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines when available.
... the development, production and equitable access to new COVID-19 diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines [9] . Today, there is need for commitments on global unity to make vaccines equitably available everywhere. WHO has a critical role in this and world leaders should join WHO in calling for fair distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines when available. ...
Ref: Logistical challenges for potential SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and a call to research institutions, developers and manufacturers [Vaccine, 2020-06-23]sections of populations in many countries display low trust in governments and official information about the pandemic and how the officials are tackling it.
... and conspiracy theories that have the potential to reduce vaccine uptake. To make matters worse, sections of populations in many countries display low trust in governments and official information about the pandemic and how the officials are tackling it. This paper aims to set out in short form critical guidelines that governments and regional ...
Ref: Key Guidelines in Developing a Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy [Int. j. environ. res. public health (Online), 2020]A successful COVID-19 vaccine will be administered on a global scale; thus, its safety profile must be solid.
... forward with reduced numbers of study participants and cut short safety follow-up in clinical studies. A successful COVID-19 vaccine will be administered on a global scale; thus, its safety profile must be solid. Therefore, approaches for generating a COVID-19 vaccine must not compromise safety aspects and will require ...
Ref: Development of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 [F1000Res, 2020-08-17]There are high expectations for pharmaceutical products to help curb the effect of this pandemic on society.
... There are high expectations for pharmaceutical products to help curb the effect of this pandemic on society. In the context of public health emergencies, the industry is being challenged to develop and produce safe and effective vaccines within accelerated timelines (of 12 to 18 months) which can ...
Ref: Exploring uncertainty and risk in the accelerated response to a COVID-19 vaccine: Perspective from the pharmaceutical industry [Vaccine, 2020-10-13]drug repurposing has emerged as a realistic and effective strategy to counter the virus menace in the short run,
... New drug development against COVID-19 and its approval may take even longer Under such circumstances, drug repurposing has emerged as a realistic and effective strategy to counter the virus menace in the short run, and several antiviral and antimalarial medicines are currently in different stages of clinical trials Researchers ...
Ref: Primed for Global Coronavirus Pandemic: Emerging Research and Clinical Outcome [European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2020]Following the publication of the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2, vaccine development has accelerated at an unprecedented pace across the world.
... countermeasures against infectious diseases, an efficacious vaccine is considered crucial to containing the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the publication of the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2, vaccine development has accelerated at an unprecedented pace across the world. Here we review the different platforms employed to develop vaccines, the standard timelines of development ...
Ref: The early landscape of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine development in the UK and rest of the world [Immunology, 2020]The COVID-19 pandemic now exerts tremendous pressure to scientists to develop safe and effective vaccines.
... The COVID-19 pandemic now exerts tremendous pressure to scientists to develop safe and effective vaccines. In this race to develop a vaccine, its formulation serves as a bridge between stages of product development and must be considered throughout the development process. In the early stage, ...
Ref: The COVID-19 Vaccine Race: Challenges and Opportunities in Vaccine Formulation [AAPS PharmSciTech, 2020-08-05]The COVID-19 pandemic and response caused a worrying decline in vaccine uptake around the world.
... The COVID-19 pandemic and response caused a worrying decline in vaccine uptake around the world. In Italy, the immunization coverage targets set in the 2017-19 National Immunization Prevention Plan (PNPV) have been met only partially. The current public health emergency is likely to have negatively ...
Ref: Vaccine hesitancy in COVID-19 times. An update from Italy before flu season starts [Acta Biomed, 2020]The emergence and fast global spread of COVID-19 has presented one of the greatest public health challenges in modern times with no proven cure or vaccine.
... The emergence and fast global spread of COVID-19 has presented one of the greatest public health challenges in modern times with no proven cure or vaccine. Africa is still early in this epidemic, therefore the extent of disease severity is not yet clear. We used a mathematical model to fit to the observed cases of COVID-19 ...
Ref: Quantifying early COVID-19 outbreak transmission in South Africa and exploring vaccine efficacy scenarios [PLoS One, 2020]Among all types of vaccines, epitope-based peptide vaccines outshine with their low-cost production, easy modification in the structure, and safety.
... formulation that can prevent the infection and limit the outbreak has not been announced yet. Among all types of vaccines, epitope-based peptide vaccines outshine with their low-cost production, easy modification in the structure, and safety. In this review, vaccine studies against COVID-19 have been summarized and detailed information about the ...
Ref: An insight into the epitope-based peptide vaccine design strategy and studies against covid-19 [Turk. J. Biol., 2020]The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to almost all nooks and corners of the world.
... The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to almost all nooks and corners of the world. There are numerous potential approaches to pharmacologically fight COVID-19: small-molecule drugs, interferon therapies, vaccines, oligonucleotides, peptides, and monoclonal antibodies. Medications are being developed to target the spike, membrane, nucleocapsid or ...
Ref: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Current Status and Prospects for Drug and Vaccine Development. [Archives of medical research, 2020-09-10]